Book contents
- Traces of the Distant Human Past
- Traces of the Distant Human Past
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Contributors
- Introduction
- 1 The Behavioral Ecology of Early Oldowan Sites
- 2 Homo the Hunter
- 3 The First Foragers of the European Continent
- 4 The New Taphonomy and How It Can Boost the Role of the Asian Pleistocene Archaeological Record in Human Evolution
- Conclusions
- Index
- References
2 - Homo the Hunter
A Consideration of How Natural Selection Shaped the Sociobiology of Hunting and Gathering
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 December 2025
Book contents
- Traces of the Distant Human Past
- Traces of the Distant Human Past
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Contributors
- Introduction
- 1 The Behavioral Ecology of Early Oldowan Sites
- 2 Homo the Hunter
- 3 The First Foragers of the European Continent
- 4 The New Taphonomy and How It Can Boost the Role of the Asian Pleistocene Archaeological Record in Human Evolution
- Conclusions
- Index
- References
Summary
Teleonomic interpretations of human evolution question whether behaviors like hunting, meat-eating, food sharing, and intra-group cooperation existed in extinct hominins. This perspective assumes H. sapiens as the pinnacle of hominin evolution. However, such behaviors may not require the complex cognitive capacities of modern human brains. Early H. erectus, with brains within the lower range of modern humans and more robust, agile anatomies, may have been highly efficient foragers. Their adaptive success likely stemmed from culturally selected behaviors rather than advanced cognition alone.
The gracilization of H. sapiens may be rooted in shifts in reproductive and social behaviors rather than improvements in foraging strategies. Brain expansion in our species was likely driven by the evolution of complex communication, symbolism, and social interaction, forming the basis of modern human social networks. This alternative perspective generates testable hypotheses regarding behavior preserved in the archaeological record. Under this model, hunting emerges as a byproduct rather than a driver of early human socio-reproductive structures.
Keywords
Information
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Traces of the Distant Human PastUnderstanding the Archaeology of our Origins, pp. 104 - 154Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2026
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