Brazil’s National Forest Inventory (Inventário Florestal Nacional, IFN) is a public policy established by Law No. 12,651/2012 and coordinated by the Brazilian Forest Service of the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change. The IFN collects biophysical, botanical, soil and socio-environmental data across the entire national territory on a standardized 20 km grid. Brazil’s territory lies across six biomes, two of which are recognized as biodiversity hotspots (the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest), and includes Amazonia and the Caatinga, the latter endemic to Brazil.

On 5 September 2025, IFN made its datasets available online and open access through the interactive map and dashboards of the National Forest Information System (snif.florestal.gov.br/pt-br/temas-florestais/ifn). This unique dataset can be used to advance knowledge about Brazil’s forest landscapes, land use, tree health, carbon stocks, and the relationships between forest ecosystems and local populations. This broad and integrative approach has already yielded detailed information on the conservation status of native tree species.

The IFN already holds coverage, abundance and population information for 389 plant species on Brazil’s Official List of Threatened Species (130 Vulnerable, 231 Endangered, 28 Critically Endangered), of which 320 are trees, totalling 1,822 voucher collections and 10,632 measured and inventoried individuals across Amazonia, Caatinga, Cerrado, Atlantic Forest and Pampa. For trees, IFN holds data for c. 34% of threatened species in the country. Another important contribution is the reporting of data for 103 Data Deficient plant species. We encourage the use of IFN data to support extinction-risk assessments and reassessments, as the inventory provides information for monitoring of plant populations in Brazilian forests, landscape data, use of plants by people, and occurrence records and population data, the latter of which are often scarce in IUCN Red List assessments.