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Accepted manuscript

Impacts of Sorghum Herbicide Programs Across Sorghum and Chile Pepper Growing Seasons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2025

Ram Singh Insa
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science; New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
Erik A. Lehnhoff
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science; New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
Robert Steiner
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Economics, Applied Statistics, and International Business; New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
Stephanie Walker
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Extension Plant Sciences; New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
Brian J. Schutte*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science; New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Brian Schutte, Associate Professor, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, 945 College Avenue, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (E-mail: bschutte@nmsu.edu)
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Abstract

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Management of broadleaf weeds in chile pepper may be improved by including a rotation with sorghum treated with selective, non-residual herbicides. However, herbicide programs within sorghum specifically for managing weeds in subsequent chile pepper have not been evaluated. This study evaluated the effects of two herbicide programs applied in sorghum on broadleaf weed density and hand hoeing time in chile pepper the following year, and compared the programs for their net economic benefits across sorghum and chile pepper growing seasons. Treatments were: 1) sorghum non-treated control, 2) one herbicide application, which was a premix combination of 2,4-D (0.35 kg ai ha-1), bromoxynil (0.35 kg ai ha-1), and fluroxypyr (0.14 kg ai ha-1) applied at the 4-leaf stage of sorghum, 3) two herbicide applications, which included the aforementioned premix combination followed by bromoxynil (0.28 kg ai ha-1) applied at the 6-leaf stage of sorghum, and 4) weed-free sorghum using hand hoeing. Results indicated broadleaf weeds covered less than 10% of the ground in sorghum treated with herbicides. The two-application program resulted in 24% fewer broadleaf weeds in chile pepper than in sorghum hand-hoed, and 63% fewer than the one-application program. Hand hoeing time in chile pepper was similar among the two-application program, one-application program, and weed-free sorghum. A partial budget analysis indicated that the one-application program provided greater net economic benefit than the two-application program (US$6,550 ha⁻¹ vs. US$5,894 ha⁻¹), due to lower input costs and greater overall gross revenue. These findings indicate the two-application program maximizes reductions of broadleaf weeds in chile pepper caused by rotational sorghum; however, the one-application program may be a cost-effective approach to reduce broadleaf weeds in chile pepper.

Information

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America