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The effect of dietary phosphatidylcholine supplementation on lipid profile in mild hyperlipidaemic individuals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2017

M. Jan ,
P.S. Thondre ,
A. El-Chab  and
H.J. Lightowler
M. Jan
Affiliation:
Functional Food Centre, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
P.S. Thondre
Affiliation:
Functional Food Centre, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
A. El-Chab
Affiliation:
Functional Food Centre, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
H.J. Lightowler
Affiliation:
Functional Food Centre, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
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Abstract

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Hyperlipidaemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and, according to the British Heart Foundation (2015), over half of England's adult population suffers from high cholesterol levels( 1 ). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a class of lipids mainly found in egg yolk and soy bean. Several studies have suggested that PC supplementation can help in improving blood lipid profile( Reference Childs and Bowlin 2 – Reference Høie and Morgenstern 3 ). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of two different doses of PC supplementation (600 mg and 2400 mg) on blood lipid profile in individuals with mild elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

In a parallel intervention study, ten participants (mean age 44 ± 13 years) were randomly allocated to either a low dose (600 mg; LDG) or high dose (2400 mg; HDG) PC supplement group for 4 weeks. A capillary blood sample was taken at baseline, after two weeks and four weeks of PC supplementation. Measurement of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C ratio and triglycerides (TG) was analysed using the CardioChek Professional Analyser.

At baseline, the mean blood lipid concentrations were similar in both groups. After four weeks of treatment, there was a significant (P < 0·05) reduction in TC in the HDG compared to the LDG. Levels of LDL-C, non-HDL-C and TC/HDL ratio show a slight decrease at week 4 in both groups (Table 1).

Table 1.

Comparison of the change in blood lipid profile from baseline between the two groups

(Independent-sample t-test and the Mann-Whitney test; significance difference P < 0·05)

The results from the current study indicate that 2400 mg of PC supplementation can significantly decrease TC levels and may help reduce LDL-C levels. LDL-C is considered to be a primary indicator for developing CVD. Although many hypolipidaemic drugs are available for patients, these may not fully achieve the required levels of lipids and may cause adverse effects such as increasing the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Further research in this area is required to confirm the effect of PC supplementation on lipid profile in patients at risk of developing CVD.

References

1. British Heart Foundation (2015) Cardiovascular Disease Statistics Factsheet. Available at: https://www.bhf.org.uk/research/heart-statistics (Accessed: 3 April 2017).Google Scholar
2. Childs, M, Bowlin, J et al. (1981) Atherosclerosis 1–2, 217–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Høie, L, Morgenstern, E et al. (2005) Eur J Nutr 2, 65–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Figure 0

Table 1. Comparison of the change in blood lipid profile from baseline between the two groups