Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-24hb2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-19T04:28:12.178Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Ordovician conodonts from the Satun area, southern peninsular Thailand

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Sachiko Agematsu
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
Katsuo Sashida
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
Sirot Salyapongse
Affiliation:
Geological Survey Division, Department of Mineral Resources, Rama VI, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Apsorn Sardsud
Affiliation:
Geological Survey Division, Department of Mineral Resources, Rama VI, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Abstract

Well-preserved Ordovician conodonts are described from a micritic limestone sequence exposed in the Satun area of southern peninsular Thailand. the faunas represented by these conodonts have North Atlantic Realm affinities and are identical to those reported from North Atlantic Middle to Upper Ordovician successions. Representative conodonts of some of these faunas have also been reported from South China. in ascending order, three conodont zones are discriminated in the Satun sequence: the Pygodus anserinus range Zone, the Baltoniodus sp. cf. B. variabilis range Zone, and the Hamarodus europaeus range Zone. Strata between the B. sp. cf. B. variabilis and H. europaeus zones are not zoned. the conodont-bearing limestone is thought to have been deposited on the continental margin of northeastern Gondwana. Sixteen species belonging to 12 conodont genera, and two unidentified coniform elements, are systematically investigated.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aldridge, R. J. 1982. A fused cluster of coniform conodont elements from the Late Ordovician of Washington Land, western North Greenland. Palaeontology, 25(2):425430.Google Scholar
Armstrong, H. A. 1997. Conodonts from the Ordovician Shinnel Formation, southern Uplands, Scotland. Palaeontology, 40(3):763797.Google Scholar
Barnes, C. R., and Poplawski, M. L. S. 1973. Lower and Middle Ordovician conodonts form the Mystic Formation, Quebec, Canada. Journal of Paleontology, 47:760790.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1962. Conodonts from the Ludibundus Limestone (Middle Ordovician) of the Tvaren area (S.E. Sweden). Arkiv for Mineralogi och Geologi, 3(1):161.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1964. Discussion on some Ordovician conodont faunas from Wales. Acta Universitatis Lundensis Sectio, II 3:167.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1971. Conodont biostratigraphy of the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Europe and eastern North America. Geological Society of America Memoir, 127:83157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1978. Middle and Upper Ordovician conodont and graptolite biostratigraphy of the Marathon, Texas graptolite zone reference standard. Palaeontology, 21(4):723758.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1981. Conodonta, p. W1W202. In Robison, R. A. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Pt. W. Miscellanea. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M. 1983. Biogeography, evolutionary relationships, and biostratigraphic significance of Ordovician platform conodonts. Fossils and Strata, 15:3558.Google Scholar
Bergström, S. M., and Orchard, M. J. 1985. Conodonts of the Cambrian and Ordovician Systems from the British Isles, p. 3267. In Higgins, A. C. and Austin, R. L. (eds.), A Stratigraphical Index of Conodonts. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.Google Scholar
Branson, E. B., and Mehl, M. G. 1933a. Conodont studies number one. University of Missouri Studies, 8:572.Google Scholar
Branson, E. B., and Mehl, M. G. 1933b. Conodont studies number two. University of Missouri Studies, 8:77167.Google Scholar
Bunopas, S. 1981. Paleogeographic history of western Thailand and adjacent part of southeast Asia: A plate tectonics interpretation. Geological Survey Paper, 5. Department of Mineral Resources of Thailand, Bangkok Special Issue, p. 810.Google Scholar
Bunopas, S. 1992. Regional stratigraphic correlation in Thailand, p. 189208. In Piancharoen, C. (ed.), Proceedings of a National Conference on Geologic Resources of Thailand: Potential for Future Development. Bangkok, Thailand.Google Scholar
Burrett, C., and Stait, B. 1986. China and Southeast Asia as part of the Tethyan margin of Cambro–Ordovician Gondwanaland, p. 6577. In MacKenzie, K. (ed.), Shallow Tethys 2. Balkema, Rotterdam.Google Scholar
Burton, C. K. 1967. Graptolite and tentaculite correlations and palaeogeography of the Silurian and Devonian in the Yunnan-Malaya geosyncline. Transactions and Proceeding of the Palaeontological Society of Japan, 65:2746.Google Scholar
Cooper, B. J. 1976. Multielement conodonts from the St. Clair Limestone (Silurian) of southern Ohio. Journal of Paleontology, 50:205217.Google Scholar
Dzik, J. 1976. Discussion on the evolution of Ordovician conodonts. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 21(4):1455.Google Scholar
Dzik, J. 1978. Conodont biostratigraphy and paleogeographical relations of the Ordovician Mojcza Limestone (Holy Cross Mts, Poland). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 23(1):5272.Google Scholar
Dzik, J. 1983. Relationships between Ordovician Baltic and North American Midcontinent conodont faunas. Fossils and Strata, 15:5985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dzik, J. 1994. Conodonts of the Mojcza Limestone, p. 43128. In Urbanek, A. (ed.), Ordovician Carbonate Platform Ecosystem of the Holy Cross Mountains. Palaeontologica Polonica, 53.Google Scholar
Dzik, J., and Drygant, D. 1986. The apparatus of panderodontid conodonts. Lethaia, 19:133141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ethington, R. L. 1959. Conodonts of the Ordovician Galena Formation. Journal of Paleontology, 33:257292.Google Scholar
Ethington, R. L., and Schumacher, D. 1969. Conodonts of the Copenhagen Formation (Middle Ordovician) in central Nevada. Journal of Paleontology, 43:440484.Google Scholar
Fåhræus, L. E. 1966. Lower Viruan (Middle Ordovician) conodonts form the Gullhogen Quarry, southern central Sweden. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, 60(5):140.Google Scholar
Fåhræus, L. E., and Hunter, D. R. 1985. Simple-cone conodont taxa from the Cobbs Arm Limestone (Middle Ordovician), New World Island, Newfoundland. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 22:11711182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferretti, A. 1998. Late Ordovician conodonts from the Prague Basin, Bohemia, p. 123139. In Szaniawski, H. (ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth European Conodont Symposium (ECOS VI). Palaeontologica Polonica, 58.Google Scholar
Ferretti, A., and Barnes, C. R. 1997. Upper Ordovician conodonts from the Kalkbank Limestone of Thuringia, Germany. Palaeontology, 40(1):1542.Google Scholar
Ferretti, A., and Schonlaub, H. P. 2001. New conodont faunas from the late Ordovician of the Central Carnic Alps, Austria. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 40(1):315.Google Scholar
Ferretti, A., and Serpagli, E. 1999. Late Ordovician conodont faunas from southern Sardinia, Italy: Biostratigraphic and paleogeographic implications. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 37(2–3):215236.Google Scholar
Hadding, A. R. 1913. Undre dicellograptusskiffern i Skåne jämte några därmed ekvivalenta bildningar. Lunds Universitets Årsskrift., Afd., 2, 9(15), 90 p.Google Scholar
Hamada, T., Igo, H., Kobayashi, T., and Koike, T. 1975. Older and Middle Palaeozoic formations and fossils of Thailand and Malaysia. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography, 45:139.Google Scholar
Hamar, G. 1966. The Middle Ordovician of the Oslo region, Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 46(1):2783.Google Scholar
Harris, A. G., Bergström, S. M., Ethington, R. L., and Ross, R. J. 1979. Aspects of Middle and Upper Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of carbonate facies in Nevada and southeast California and comparison with some Appalachian successions. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 26(3):733.Google Scholar
Hass, W. H. 1959. Conodonts from the Chappel limestone of Texas. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 294J:365400.Google Scholar
Henningsmoen, G. 1948. The Tretaspis Series of the Kullatorp Core. Bulletin of the Geological Institute of the University of Uppsala, 32:374432.Google Scholar
Igo, H., and Koike, T. 1967. Ordovician and Silurian conodonts from the Langkawi Islands, Malaysia, Pt. I. Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia, 3:129.Google Scholar
Javanaphet, J. C. 1969. Geological Map of Thailand, scale 1:1,000,000. Department of Mineral Resources of Thailand.Google Scholar
Kennedy, D. J., Barnes, C. R., and Uyeno, T. T. 1979. A Middle Ordovician conodont faunule from the Tetagouche Group, Camel Back Mountain, New Brunswick. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 16(3):540551.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, T., and Hamada, T. 1963. On the Middle Ordovician fossils from Satun, the Malaysian frontier of Thailand. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography, 34:205211.Google Scholar
Lamont, A., and Lindström, M. 1957. Arenigian and Llandeilian cherts identified in the southern Uplands of Scotland by means of conodonts, etc. Transactions of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 17(1):6070.Google Scholar
Landing, E. 1976. Early Ordovician (Arenigian) conodont and graptolite biostratigraphy of the Taconic allochthon, eastern New York. Journal of Paleontology, 50:614646.Google Scholar
Lee, H. Y. 1975. Conodonts from the Dumugol Formation (Lower Ordovician), South Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 11(2):7598.Google Scholar
Lehnert, O., Bergström, S. M., Keller, M., and Bordonaro, O. 1999. Ordovician (Darriwilian–Caradocian) conodonts from the San Raphael Region, west-central Argentina: Biostratigaphic, paleoecologic, and paleogeographic implications. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 37(2–3):199214.Google Scholar
Leslie, S. A. 2000. Mohawkian (Upper Ordovician) conodonts of eastern North America and Baltoscandia. Journal of Paleontology, 74:11221147.Google Scholar
Lindström, M. 1955. Conodonts from the lowermost Ordovician strata of south-central Sweden. Geologiska Foreningens i Stockholm Forhandlingar, 76(4):517604.Google Scholar
Lindström, M. 1970. A suprageneric taxonomy of the conodonts. Lethaia, 3:427445.Google Scholar
Lindström, M. 1971. Lower Ordovician conodonts of Europe. Geological Society of America Memoir, 127:2161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindström, M., Racheboeuf, P. R., and Henry, J. L. 1974. Ordovician conodonts from the Postolonnec Formation (Crozon peninsula, Massif Armoricain) and their stratigraphic significance. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 8:1528.Google Scholar
Löfgren, A. 1978. Arenigian and Llanvirnian conodonts from Jamtland, northern Sweden. Fossils and Strata, 13:1129.Google Scholar
Löfgren, A. 2000. Conodont biozonation in the upper Arenig of Sweden. Geological Magazine, 137(1):5365.Google Scholar
McCracken, A. D. 1989. Protopanderodus (Conodontata) from the Ordovician Road River Group, northern Yukon Territory, and the evolution of the genus. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 388:139.Google Scholar
McCracken, A. D. 1991. Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Cordilleran Road River Group, northern Yukon Territory, Canada, p. 4164. In Orchard, M. J. and McCracken, A. D. (eds.), Ordovician to Triassic Conodont Paleontology of the Canadian Cordillera. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 417.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I. 1988. Origin and assembly of Southeast Asian continental terranes, p. 101118. In Audley-Charles, M. G. and Hallam, A. (eds.), Gondwana and Tethys. Geological Society, London, Special Publication 37.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I. 1991. Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic palaeogeography of Southeast Asia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 87:211221.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I. 1996. Gondwanaland dispersion, Asian accretion and evolution of eastern Tethys. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 43:605623.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I. 1999. Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion: An overview, p. 928. In Metcalfe, I. (ed.), Gondwana Dispersion and Asian Accretion. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.Google Scholar
Metcalfe, I., Spiller, F. C. P., Liu, B., Wu, H., and Sashida, K. 1999. The Palaeo–Tethys in Mainland East and Southeast Asia: Contributions from radiolarian studies, p. 259281. In Metcalfe, I., Ren, J., Charvet, J., and Hada, S. (eds.), Gondwana Dispersion and Asian Accretion: IGCP 321 Final Results Volume. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.Google Scholar
Nicoll, R. S., Laurie, J. R., and Roche, M. T. 1993. Revised stratigraphy of the Ordovician (Tremadoc–Arenig) Prices Creek Group and Devonian Poulton Formation, Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Western Australia. AGSO Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, 14:6576.Google Scholar
Nowlan, G. S. 1981. Some Ordovician conodont faunules from the Miramichi Anticlinorium, New Brunswick. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin, 345:135.Google Scholar
Orchard, M. J. 1980. Upper Ordovician conodonts from England and Wales. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 14:944.Google Scholar
Pander, C. H. 1856. Monographie der fossilen Fische der silurischen Systems der russischenbaltischen Gouvernements. St. Petersburg (Akademie der Wissenschaften), 91 p.Google Scholar
Rhodes, F. H. T. 1953. Some British Lower Palaeozoic conodont faunas. Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society of London Series B, 237:261334.Google Scholar
Rhodes, F. H. T. 1955. The conodont fauna of the Keisley Limestone. Quarterly Journal of Geological Society London, 442:117142.Google Scholar
Sashida, K., Kamata, Y., Adachi, S., and Munasri, . 1999. Middle Triassic radiolarians from West Timor, Indonesia. Journal of Paleontology, 73:765786.Google Scholar
Scholle, P. A., Arthur, M. A., and Ekdale, A. A. 1991. Pelagic environment, p. 619692. In Scholle, P. A., Bebout, D. G., and Moore, C. H. (eds.), Carbonate Depositional Environments. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Serpagli, E. 1967. I conodonti dell' Ordoviciano superiore (Ashgilliano) delle Alpi Carniche. Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 6(1):30111.Google Scholar
Serpagli, E. 1974. Lower Ordovician conodonts from Precordilleran Argentina (Province of San Juan). Bolletino Societa Paleontologica Italiana, 13:1793.Google Scholar
Stait, B. A., and Burrett, C. F. 1984. Ordovician nautiloid faunas of central and southern Thailand. Geological Magazine, 121(2):115124.Google Scholar
Stait, K., and Druce, E. C. 1993. Conodonts from the Lower Ordovician Coolibah Formation, Georgina Basin, central Australia. BMR Journal of Australian Geology and Geophysics, 13:293322.Google Scholar
Stouge, S. S. 1984. Conodonts of the Middle Ordovician Table Head Formation, western Newfoundland. Fossils and Strata, 16:1145.Google Scholar
Stouge, S., and Bagnoli, G. 1988. Early Ordovician conodonts from Cow Head Peninsula, Western Newfoundland. Palaeontographia Italica, 75:89179.Google Scholar
Stouge, S., and Bagnoli, G. 1990. Lower Ordovician (Volkhovian–Kundan) conodonts from Hagudden, northern Öland, Sweden. Palaeontographia Italica, 77:154.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 1979. Late Ordovician conodonts and biostratigraphy of the western Midcontinent Province. Brigham Young University Geology Studies, 26(3):4586.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 1988. The Conodonta: Morphology, Taxonomy, Paleontology, and Evolutionary History of a Long-Extinct Animal Phylum. Oxford University Press, New York, 212 p.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C. 2000. Conodonts and biostratigraphy of Upper Ordovician strata along a shelf to basin transect in central Nevada. Journal of Paleontology, 74:11481160.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C., and Bergström, S. M. 1962. Conodonts from the Pratt Ferry Formation (Middle Ordovician) of Alabama. Journal of Paleontology, 36:12141252.Google Scholar
Sweet, W. C., and Bergström, S. M. 1984. Conodont provinces and biofacies of the Late Ordovician, p. 6987. In Clark, D. L. (ed.), Conodont Biofacies and Provincialism. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 196.Google Scholar
Teraoka, Y., Sawada, H., Yoshida, T., and Pungrassami, T. 1982. Lower Paleozoic Formations of Tarutao Islands, southern Thailand. Prince of Songkhala University Geological Research Project Publication, 6:154.Google Scholar
Viira, V. 1974. Conodonts from the Ordovician of the East Baltic. Valgus, Tallinn, 142 p.Google Scholar
Walliser, O. H. 1964. Conodonten des Silurs. Abhandlungen der Hessischen Landesamtes Nodenforschung, 41:1106.Google Scholar
Wang, Z. 2001. Ordovician condonts from Kalpin of Xinjiang and Pingliang of Gansu across the base of Upper Ordovician series. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 18(4):349363.Google Scholar
Wang, X., and Chen, X. 1995. Ordovician palaeogeography and biogeography in China, p. 203206. In Cooper, J. D., Droser, M. L., and Finney, S. C. (eds.), Ordovician Odyssey. The Pacific Section Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) Fullerton 77, California, USA.Google Scholar
Wang, Z., and Bergström, S. M. 1999. Conodonts across the base of the Darriwilian Stage in South China. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 16(4):325350.Google Scholar
Wang, Z., and Qi, Y. 2001. Ordovician conodonts from drillings in the Taklimakan Desert, Xinjiang, NW China. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 18(2):133148.Google Scholar
Wang, Z., Bergström, S. M., and Lane, H. R. 1996. Conodont provinces and biostratigraphy in Ordovician of China. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 35(1):2659.Google Scholar
Watson, S. T. 1988. Ordovician conodonts from the Canning Basin (W. Australia). Palaeontologica, 203:91147.Google Scholar
Wongwanich, T., Burrett, C., Tansathein, W., and Chaodumrong, P. 1990. Lower to Mid-Palaeozoic stratigraphy of mainland Satun Province, southern Thailand. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Science, 4(1):19.Google Scholar
Wongwanich, T., Wyatt, D., Stait, B., and Burrett, C. 1983. The Ordovician system in southern Thailand and northern Malaysia, p. 7795. In Nutalaya, P. (ed.), Stratigraphic Correlation of Thailand and Malaysia. Geological Society of Thailand, 1.Google Scholar
Zhang, J. 1998. The Ordovician conodont genus Pygodus , p. 87105. In Szaniawski, H. (ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth European Conodont Symposium (ECOS VI). Palaeontologia Polonica 58, Warszawa.Google Scholar