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Do eco-geospatial differences induce otolith morphological variations? Assessment in Chelon auratus (Mugiliformes, Mugilidae) populations collected from Tunisian and Mauritanian waters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 July 2024

Toumene Deida ,
Mehrez Gammoudi Open the ORCID record for Mehrez Gammoudi [Opens in a new window] ,
Tahani El Ayari Open the ORCID record for Tahani El Ayari [Opens in a new window] ,
Abderraouf Ben Faleh Open the ORCID record for Abderraouf Ben Faleh [Opens in a new window] ,
Lassana Djimera ,
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin Open the ORCID record for Adel A. Basyouny Shahin [Opens in a new window]  and
Nawzet Bouriga Open the ORCID record for Nawzet Bouriga [Opens in a new window]
Toumene Deida
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR/18/ES/41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Mehrez Gammoudi
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR/18/ES/41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Tahani El Ayari
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Group of Fundamental and Applied Malacology (LEB/GFAM), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte, Tunisia
Abderraouf Ben Faleh
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR/18/ES/41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Lassana Djimera
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ecology and Biology of Aquatic Organisms (LEBAO), Mauritanian Institute of Oceanographic Research and Fisheries (IMROP), BP: 22 Nouadhibou, Mauritania
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia, Egypt
Nawzet Bouriga
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR/18/ES/41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia Higher Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte, Tunisia
*
Corresponding author: Adel A. Basyouny Shahin; Email: adel.shahin@mu.edu.eg
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Abstract

Saccular otoliths (sagittae) have long been shown to be species-specific and exhibit inland geospatial intra- and interpopulation morphological differences with variations in environmental conditions. Here, we analysed inland and outland geospatial variations in sagittae shape, length (Lo), width (Wo), perimeter (Po), and area (Ao), and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in Chelon auratus males and females collected from Ghar El Melh (Tunisia) and Etoile Bay (Mauritania) stations to assess whether sagittae shape and morphometry differ between these two niches having different environmental conditions. At the intrapopulation level, a significant otolith shape asymmetry was observed between left and right and left–left and right–right otoliths among males and females of the Ghar El Melh (Tunisia) population and a significant symmetry among those of the Etoile Bay (Mauritania) population. At the interpopulation level, a significant asymmetry was found between left and right otoliths' shape among males and females of the two populations. Besides, a discriminant function analysis of otoliths' contour shape separated left and right otoliths among males and females at the intra- and interpopulation levels and also separated those of the two populations. Moreover, differential significant asymmetry in Lo, Wo, Po, and Ao between left and right otoliths was observed among males and females at the intra- and interpopulation levels. Therefore, the geospatial variations in environmental conditions between the two ecological niches effectively induced differences in otolith morphology. These significant asymmetries were discussed in terms of FA caused by environmental stress conditions resulting from variations in abiotic factors between the two ecological niches.

Keywords

Chelon auratusecomorphological variationEtoile Bayfluctuating asymmetrygeospatial variationGhar El Melhinland watersoutland waterssagittal otoliths

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Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 104 , 2024 , e63
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom

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