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Intramyocellular lipid and its relationship with insulin sensitivity and fat in type 2 diabetic men of White and Black ethnicity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2017

O. Hakim ,
G. Charles-Edwards ,
B. Whitcher ,
H. Shuaib  and
L.M. Goff
O. Hakim
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK Department of Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK
G. Charles-Edwards
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK
B. Whitcher
Affiliation:
Klarismo Ltd
H. Shuaib
Affiliation:
Klarismo Ltd
L.M. Goff
Affiliation:
Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK
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Abstract

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This abstract was presented as the Whole Body Metabolism Theme Highlight

Lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle cells, termed intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), is inversely associated with insulin sensitivity, independent of overall adiposity, and is elevated in populations prone to developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in those with T2D( Reference Sinha, Dufour and Petersen 1 ). Populations of African descent are disproportionately affected by T2D but there has been limited investigation of IMCL( Reference Ingram, Lara-Castro and Gower 2 ). This study aimed to compare IMCL and extramyocellular lipid (EMCL) between men of White European (WE) and Black West African (BWA) ethnicity with T2D, and to investigate relationships between IMCL, insulin sensitivity (IS) and adiposity measures.

In a cross-sectional study of 19 WE and 18 BWA men with T2D, soleus IMCL content was determined using proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), skeletal muscle IS using a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp with infusion of [6,6 2H2]-glucose for quantification of peripheral glucose disposal, and whole-body fat (%) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 1H-MRS data was analysed using Java-based Magnetic Resonance User Interface (jMRUI) software. MRI data was analysed by an automated quantitative method (Klarismo Ltd).

The ethnic groups were well matched for age, weight and BMI (all p > 0·05). There were no ethnic differences in IMCL, EMCL, IS or % whole-body fat, Table 1. Correlation analysis showed IMCL was not significantly associated with IS in either ethnic group (WE: r = −0·118, p = 0·642; BWA: r = −0·301, p = 0·225). Correlations of IMCL with adiposity measures showed IMCL was associated with % whole-body fat in BWA men (r = 0·477, p = 0·039) but not WE men (r = 0·163, p = 0·533). Also, IMCL was associated with EMCL in BWA men (r = 0·754, p < 0·001) but not WE men (r = 0·079, p = 0·754) and EMCL was associated with waist circumference in WE men (r = 0·486, p = 0·041) but not BWA men (r = 0·229, p = 0·346).

There were no ethnic differences in IMCL, and it was not associated with IS in either ethnic group however the association between IMCL and measures of adiposity differed between the ethnic groups. IMCL was associated with whole-body adiposity and EMCL in BWA but not WE men suggesting that IMCL accumulation may be independent of whole-body adiposity in WE men with T2D and could be influenced by other factors.

Table 1.

Characteristics of White European and Black West African men

Data presented as geometric mean (95 % CI) for log transformed data (*) or median (interquartile range) for non-parametric data (^). P values determined using independent samples t-tests for normally distributed data otherwise Mann-Whitney test. † WE: n = 17, BWA: n = 19; ‡ WE: n = 18, BWA: n = 18

References

1. Sinha, R, Dufour, S, Petersen, KF et al. (2002) Diabetes 51, 1022–7.Google Scholar
2. Ingram, KH, Lara-Castro, C, Gower, BA et al. (2011) Obesity (Silver Spring) 19, 1469–75.Google Scholar
Figure 0

Table 1. Characteristics of White European and Black West African men