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Outer layer turbulence dynamics in a high-Reynolds-number boundary layer up to $Re_\theta \approx 24{,}000$ recovering from mild separation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

Jaime Vaquero Open the ORCID record for Jaime Vaquero [Opens in a new window] ,
Nicolas Renard Open the ORCID record for Nicolas Renard [Opens in a new window]  and
Sébastien Deck Open the ORCID record for Sébastien Deck [Opens in a new window]
Jaime Vaquero
Affiliation:
ONERA, The French Aerospace Lab, F-92190 Meudon, France
Nicolas Renard*
Affiliation:
ONERA, The French Aerospace Lab, F-92190 Meudon, France
Sébastien Deck
Affiliation:
ONERA, The French Aerospace Lab, F-92190 Meudon, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: nicolas.renard@onera.fr
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Abstract

The outer layer dynamics of a high-Reynolds-number boundary layer recovering from non-equilibrium is studied utilising the multi-resolution approach of zonal detached eddy simulation mode 3. The non-equilibrium conditions are obtained from a boundary layer separation over a rounded step enhancing the turbulent production, and recovery happens during redevelopment after reattachment at high Reynolds numbers ($Re_{\theta,max}\approx 24{,}000$). Most of the outer layer turbulence is resolved by the simulation, which reproduces accurately the experimental boundary layer relaxation. The spectral analysis of streamwise velocity fluctuations and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) production evidences the different turbulent content distribution at separation and within the redevelopment region, at which very large-scale motions are identified with streamwise wavelengths up to $\lambda _x = 9\delta$, where $\delta$ is the boundary layer thickness. The redevelopment of the boundary layer is analysed in terms of the persistence of a secondary peak in the TKE production and the evolution of the wall-shear stress statistics. The skewness and probability density function of the skin friction show a slower relaxation than the downstream flow fraction. This confirms the long-lasting impact of perturbations of the outer layer in high-Reynolds-number wall-bounded flows. This persistent non-equilibrium state is suggested to be the reason for the reported lack of accuracy of the considered Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes models in the relaxation region.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Boundary layer structure Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers Turbulent Flows: Turbulence simulation

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JFM Papers
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Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 942 , 10 July 2022 , A42
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© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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