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Community structure of Harpacticoida and Canuelloida (Crustacea, Copepoda) on the Great Meteor Seamount (North-east Atlantic Ocean)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2019

Karin Richter Open the ORCID record for Karin Richter [Opens in a new window]  and
Kai Horst George
Karin Richter*
Affiliation:
Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Südstrand 44, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
Kai Horst George
Affiliation:
Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Südstrand 44, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
*
Author for correspondence: Karin Richter, E-mail: karin_richter@hotmail.com
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Abstract

During the expedition POS397 ‘GroMet’ in 2010 the sediments of the Great Meteor Seamount (GMS) plateau were sampled quantitatively for the first time, allowing statistical analysis of the community structure of Harpacticoida and Canuelloida. Analysis of similarity revealed no differences between three geographic regions at family/species level. Analysis of diversity indicated slightly greater diversity in the south, with more species belonging to more genera/families. Dispersal opportunities possibly occurring at the plateau (emergence, erosion, rafting) are discussed. Of 18 investigated families 106 species were identified, but only 5.66% were already scientifically known and widely distributed. Within the investigated families, 37.74% of the species belonged to shallow-water genera, leading to the conclusion that the plateau was once connected to shallow-water habitats, perhaps functioning as a stepping stone, but is now geographically isolated. This isolation is most likely due to seafloor spreading of the Atlantic Ocean and descending of the GMS. On the plateau, six species with wider distribution ranges were present, indicating that species may arrive accidentally, but their means of settlement remains unknown. Comparisons of the identified GMS plateau fauna with that of other seamounts and mid-oceanic islands revealed similar communities at family level, but at species level the GMS shares only one species with the Seine Seamount; all other elevations had more species in common. Hence, the GMS plateau is considered to be isolated regarding benthic Copepoda but may play an important role in meiofaunal species distribution, as it represents a shallow-water habitat within the deep sea.

Keywords

Biodiversitybiogeographycolonizationcommunity analysisdispersal methodsdistribution patternfaunisticmeiofaunamorphologyseamounts

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Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 99 , Issue 6 , September 2019 , pp. 1325 - 1342
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2019 

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