¹⁹⁹ Apart from a description of the volume by J.E. Jackson, the only inscription on the cover is the word ‘Pyerson’. This may indicate that the text was the work of the scrivener Thomas Pyerson or Person (common councillor 1558–9).

²⁰⁰ For Byrde, see n. 53 above. On 20 December Leicester bound himself to repay Byrde £1,630 by 16 June 1561. Recognizances dated 30 December by Sir Henry Sidney, John Harington and John Tamworth as sureties for this bond are enrolled in PRO, C54/584/5. The making of the bond was probably the occasion for the dinner at Byrde's on 22 December, referred on p. 165 below. As will be seen on p. 118 below, Leicester also repaid Byrde a total of £3,726 within the period of account.

²⁰¹ Thomas Aldersey (d.1599), haberdasher and common councillor 1571–99, MP. See also p. 194, n. 408 below.

²⁰² See n. 8 above.

²⁰³ William Sheldon (1500–73) of Beoley, Worcs., MP, deputy to Leicester as lord-lieutenant of Worcestershire 1559–60. For their relations see ‘West Midlands’, 44. A reference to making the bond for this loan in May 1560 is found on p. 138.

²⁰⁴ (Sir) John Lyttelton (1519–90) of Frankley, Worcs., MP. These payments were the consequence of a dispute arising from the sale of the lands of the former monastery of Hales Owen. This estate had belonged the Duchess of Northumberland, who left it to Ambrose Dudley, with various interests assigned to her other surviving children. In a remarkable family compact in November 1555, Leicester's brothers gave him their interests (see Abbreviations: the Duchess of Northumberland's debts). He sold the estate to Thomas Blount and George Tookey on 27 March 1558, and they in turn sold it to Lyttelton on 20 October 1558. The sale to Lyttelton included (apparently by oversight) lands assigned to an annuity the Duchess left Katherine, Lady Hastings, and to recover them Leicester brought suit against Lyttelton in Chancery in 1560. Arbitration by the Lord Keeper resulted in Lyttelton buying out her interest for 2,000 marks. The settlement (dated 31 July 1560) is enrolled in PRO, C54/578/17, 21. All that survives of the case files is Lyttelton's badly worn answer (03/50/120), but BRL, HH MS 351621 (a fresh conveyance to Lyttelton by Blount and Tookey, 26 July 1560) recites the history of the dispute. See also ‘Dudley Clientèle’, pp. 250–1, and ‘West Midlands’, 30.

²⁰⁵ Thomas Smythe (1522–91), MP, the notorious Customer Smythe. Smythe later became Leicester's deputy in the administration of the Sweet Wines Farm, see his account for 1578–80 (BL, Harl. MS 167, fos. 135–7) and Merson, A.L. (ed.), The Third Book of Remembrance of Southampton, 1514–1602 (Southampton Records Series, viii, 1965), 72–5Google Scholar. He claimed a debt of £3,235 from Leicester's estate. Smythe was also a close associate of John and Thomas Dudley; the reference to the ‘great love and friendship that hath been between us’ attributed to Leicester's will in the entry on Smythe in Hasler comes, in fact, from John Dudley's.

²⁰⁶ Thomas Egerton (1521–90/7), mercer, MP.

²⁰⁷ The Company of the Staple, see p. 116, n. 215 below.

²⁰⁸ Roger Alford (c. 1530–80), Teller of the Exchequer 1556–62, MP.

²⁰⁹ John Gresham the younger, mercer and common councillor 1560–76.

²¹⁰ (Sir) Thomas Rowe, merchant taylor and lord mayor 1568–9.

²¹¹ Thomas Stanley (1512–71), Under-Treasurer of the Tower mint.

²¹² John Marshe (1516–79), mercer and governor of the Merchant Adventurers, MP.

²¹³ Philip Gunter, skinner and alderman.

²¹⁴ Probably the lawyer and MP (1524–81). He may have been related to Leicester's servant John Marbury*.

²¹⁵ A licence for the export of 1000 sarplers of wool, granted on 12 April 1560 (CPR, 1558–60, 321Google Scholar), see also p. 157 below. The importance of this grant for his finances needs no emphasis. According to BL, Add. MS 48023 (fo. 353v) it was greatly resented by the Staplers.

²¹⁶ See n. 65 above and p. 157 below.

²¹⁷ I.e. the reminting of the debased silver coinage initiated by the proclamation of 27 September 1560.

²¹⁸ The principal Robsart manor, see Introduction, p. 13, and Appendix I.

²¹⁹ Hungate was the sitting tenant of Walton (see n. 125 above), he is mentioned in DP I, fo. 44, Yerwerth's report on the survey of Walton, 19 July 1559.

²²⁰ As Master of the Horse.

²²¹ Sidney had returned from Ireland in the previous autumn (see n. 68 above). He was appointed Lord Presidenl of ihe Council in the Marches of Wales c. April 1560 (see Williams, P., The Council in the Marches of Wales under Elizabeth I (Cardiff, 1956), pp. 251–2)Google Scholar, and departed for Ludlow on 12 June 1560 (Machyn, 238).

²²² Sussex had obtained leave from Ireland in January 1560 and did not return to Dublin until June. He came back to England again in January 1561. According to the entry on p. 153 below, this match took place in March 1560. The supper Leicester had with Sussex in the same month (see p. 170 below) may have followed it. The sporting companionship revealed in this account and the friendly correspondence cited below suggests that their future enmity had not yet begun.

²²³ After the Queen's return to Whitehall on 28 September 1559 (see n. 144 above) the Court remained at Whitehall or Westminster throughout the winter. On 14 May 1560 it removed to Greenwich and was there until 29 July when the progress began (Machyn, 234, 241).

²²⁴ This and many of the subsequent entries are the repayments of loans found in the previous section or in the Chancy account.

²²⁵ Revett was repaid in part by the first instalment of 1000 marks that Leicester received from John Lyttelton following the Hales Owen settlement (n. 204 above). The assignment to Revett by Leicester, 8 Aug. 1560, is BRL, HH MS 35622, and the receipt by Revett, 6 Nov. 1560, MS 35628. William Byrde (who was Revett's brother-in-law) collected the money from Lyttelton (MS 351624).

²²⁶ Of Cheap. DP Box V, fo. 268, is his bill for 1567–8, and most of the wardrobe warrants for 1565–7 (fos. 300ff, see Introduction, n. 80) are addressed to him.

²²⁷ See also DP Box V, fos. 29–32, his bills for 1560–4 and 1566.

²²⁸ Robert Robotham (1522?–71), Yeoman of the Robes by 1549, MP. For Lonison, see n. 39 above.

²²⁹ Common councillor 1560–73.

²³⁰ Common councillor 1558–61.

²³¹ Probably Henry, for in May 1559 (DP I, fo. 14) Leicester's sister Katherine complained to him about his failure to pay her husband money that he owed him.

²³² David Smith, the Queen's embroiderer, DP Box V, fos. 14–16, 98–101, are his bills for 1559, 1560, 1561, and 1561–6

²³³ DP Box V, fos. 109, 127 are the bills of Francis Carter, linen draper, for 1561–2.

²³⁴ DP Box V. fos. 87–91, 109–15, 172, are the bills of Thomas Cure, the Queen's saddler, for 1561–2, 1562–3, and 1563–4.

²³⁵ DP Box V, fos. 169–71, is his bill for 1563–6.

²³⁶ William Edney. This payment is recorded in a bill of his, which was discovered by Jackson at Longleat in 1863. Attached to it was a letter from Amy Dudley from Cumnor (24 Aug. [1560]), see Introduction, p. 3. The bill and the letter (DP IV, fos. 3–4, 7) are printed in ‘Amye Robsart’, 85–8, 66.

²³⁷ DP Box V, fos. 27–8, is a bill dated 18 November 1559 from ‘Wilkinson’ for gold and silver lace supplied in 1558–9.

²³⁸ See n. 193 above.

²³⁹ (Sir) Thomas Lodge, grocer and lord mayor 1562–3. The Imperial ambassador was George, Count Helffenstein (1518–1571), who had been sent to England at the beginning of the reign and left in May 1560 (see n. 342 below). He was joined in the summer of 1559 by the Archduke Charles's chamberlain Caspar, Baron Brüner, who departed at the beginning of 1560. A number of their despatches are printed in Klarwill, V., Queen Elizabeth and some Foreigners (1928)Google Scholar. In this account Helffenstein is anglicised to Elverston.

²⁴⁰ François d'Ailly, Vidame of Amiens, who arrived in April 1560 as one of the substitutes for the original French hostages (CSPF, 1559–60, 518Google Scholar). See also p. 138 below.

²⁴¹ DP Box V, fos. 35–7, 134–40, are his bills for 1560–62 and 1562–66.

²⁴² The Queen's bitmaker, DP Box V, fos. 33, 128–33, are his bills for 1560–2 and 1562–6.

²⁴³ The Shearmens' Company? However, this had merged with the Fullers to form the Clothworkers' Company in 1528 (Ramsay, , City of London, p. 43Google Scholar). All the London livery companies had the liberty to import wine.

²⁴⁴ The Box V, fos. 263–7, is his bill for 1566–8, which includes work done at Kenilworth. See also p. 148 below.

²⁴⁵ (d.1598) common councillor 1558–71. Probably the Barnes the mercer at Leicester's funeral. He claimed a debt of £140 for silk from Leicester's estate.

²⁴⁶ Common councillor 1558–83. Possibly the John Lacye at Leicester's funeral.

²⁴⁷ These may have been repayments of the loan from Forster in May 1559, see p. 66 above, but the proximity to Amy Dudley's death seems more than coincidental. They are not for the funeral expenses, which are entered separately below, but they may have been for the expenses of winding up her household. See Appendix I.

²⁴⁸ The heralds' expenses are found in CA, Arundel MS XXXV, fo. 21 (see Abbreviations: Amy Dudley's Funeral). Sir Gilbert Dethick was Garter King of Arms (1550–84), and William Harvey, Clarenceux King of Arms (1557–66).

²⁴⁹ DP Box V, fos. 176–7, is the bill of Richard Handull, haberdasher, for 1566.

²⁵⁰ Robert Cooke (d. 1593), Blancherose Pursuivant January 1562, Chester Herald February 1562, Clarenceux King of Arms from 1567. His office in 1560 is unclear. Henry Machyn (275) greeted his appointment in 1562 with scorn, on the grounds that he was inexperienced and that it was solely Leicester's work. See ‘West Midlands’, 27–8, for a discussion of Cooke's relations with Leicester and his Dudley pedigrees.

²⁵¹ Probably John Harryson, goldsmith, common councillor 1558–71, and alderman in 1574. It was reported in 1562 that Leicester and Warwick had formally re-adopted the Bear and Ragged Staff device (‘West Midlands’, 31), but it would appear that he was using it casually before then.

²⁵² For Singleton's annuity, see n. 183 above. The Duchess of Northumberland left Dudley an annuity of £5 a year out of Hales Owen, but it does not appear on the schedule in BRL, HH MS 351621. The origin of Huggins's annuity is unknown.

²⁵³ Richard Walker, Dean of Chester 1558–67. The purpose of the Privy Seal is unclear, though it may have been related to dispute with Cumberland, see n. 124 above.

²⁵⁴ DP Box V, fos. 116–9, is the bill of William Tempest, hosier, for 1561–4.

²⁵⁵ Although a tradesman, he does to some extent fall into the category of servant, for he received livery in 1567, and is referred to as ‘my lord's man’ in DP IV, fo. 18, Anthony Foster to Richard Pecock, 14 Jan. 1567. DP Box V, fos. 152–7, is his bill for 1562–6, and he and William Whittle (see n. 22 above) were the main recipients of the cloth deliveries recorded in the account of 1571–74 (DP XII).

²⁵⁶ The kitchen expenses are discussed in the Introduction, p. 14.

²⁵⁷ See the Book of Servants Wages, p. 411 below.

²⁵⁸ Ibid., p. 401.

²⁵⁹ For the Hales Owen case, see n. 204 above.

²⁶⁰ The chief mourner was Sir Henry Norris's wife Margery. Rank in the county was the probable reason, for her relations with Amy Dudley are otherwise unknown.

²⁶¹ John, Duke of Finland, see n. 182 above, and pp. 163–4 for other references in 1560. This entry appears to be out of sequence for he left England in April 1560 (see n. 337 below).

²⁶² Apart from her funeral expenses this is the sole reference to Amy Dudley in this account. Like the entry to the Duke of Finland above it is out of chronological sequence and cannot be dated. Huggenes was probably the servant referred to on p. 102 above (see n. 185), he was clearly not William Huggins*. He is not mentioned in Edney's bill (n. 236 above).

²⁶³ Sir William Hewet, clothworker and lord mayor 1559–60.

²⁶⁴ This would appear to be the dinner on 8 February to which Leicester invited all the ambassadors, and which La Quadra refused to attend. See Lettenhove, ii, 228, La Quadra to Feria, 12 Feb. 1560, for his reasons. Noailles expected both La Quadra and Helffenstein to be there, AMAE, CPA XTV, fo. 162v, Noailles to the Cardinal of Lorraine, 8 Feb.

²⁶⁵ Presumably estate books of Watton Priory following the grant in January (n. 125 above).

²⁶⁶ This may be the Hawnce's house near the orchard at Whitehall where Leicester's former mistress Lady Sheffield lived in the late 1570s, see her deposition in the Sir Robert Dudley case, CKS, U1475/L2/2, fo. 12. The orchard itself was not created till 1561 (King's Works, iv, 316Google Scholar), but the house probably faced King Street just below the Holbein Gate. Whether it belonged to one of the Hawnces or Hanses mentioned in these accounts is unclear.

²⁶⁷ Formerly Sir Andrew Dudley's house. In his will (see n. 124 above) Dudley left it to Lord Ambrose, Sir Henry Sidney and Sir Francis Jobson jointly, so there appears to have been some form of further settlement.

²⁶⁸ This entry and several following refer to the transport of Leicester's armour from Greenwich to Whitehall for a tournament and then its return. There is also a further entry on p. 153 below to the mending of his armour when he ‘shuld have run’ at Whitehall dated late in March. Relating them to what is otherwise known of the tournaments in the spring of 1560 poses some difficulties. Three are recorded (Young, p. 201): one at Shrovetide (26 February), and then 21 and 28 April. The latter two are described by Machyn (pp. 231, 233), who includes Leicester among the participants on the 28th. The score cheques assigned to these dates in CA, Tournament Portfolio, arts. 6–7, do not list Leicester among the participants on the 21st and state that Sussex ran in his place on the 28th. The entry below to broken staves suggests that he certainly ran on one occasion, and the 28th would appear to be the most obvious. The entry on p. 153 implies that he failed to participate on one occasion owing to broken armour; this would appear to be the one when Sussex took his place. This may have been on the 21st, alternatively his armour may have broken during course of the tournament of 28th and he only participated in part of it. Neither the dates in this account nor those assigned to the score cheques can be relied on absolutely.

²⁶⁹ Machyn (p. 232) refers to the Queen's visit to Deptford to see the ships c. 24 April. The entries on pp. 154, 164 below (the latter dated 13 April) would appear to refer to this occasion as well.

²⁷⁰ For the remove on the 14th. Leicester and Pembroke wrote to Archbishop Parker in favour of an Esquire of the Stables from Greenwich on the 16th, CCC, Parker MS 1143, fo. 219. He and Parry probably sent their good wishes to Cecil on 3 June from there as well (PRO, SP12/12/84).

²⁷¹ For the loan on p. 114 above.

²⁷² (Sir) Lionel Duckett (d.1587), mercer, common councillor from 1558, alderman from 1564, and lord mayor 1572–3. The subject of this bond is unclear, for no loan from Duckett is recorded in this account.

²⁷³ Either to George Gilpin (see n. 323 below) or to Sir Thomas Gresham who was on a financial mission in the Netherlands between the spring and autumn of 1560.

²⁷⁴ Adolph, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1526–86). Holstein visited England in March and stayed until 28 June. The later entry to gambling (p. 168 below) dated 24 June was probably to this occasion, the day of Holstein's election to the Order of the Garter. His visit may have been connected to the raising of German troops for use in Scotland, but he was also suspected of harbouring ambitions to marry Elizabeth. Further references to dining with him in April and May can be found on pp. 156, 167 below.

²⁷⁵ Lyon Quay just below the Bridge.

²⁷⁶ The best date for this banquet, to which a number of entries below as well as the poulterer's bill on p. 108 above refer, would be 30 July–3 August, when the Court was at Richmond on the initial stage of the progress. It will be seen below that this account is far less informative about the progress than the Chancy account is about that of 1559. There are also serious lacunae in other major sources for the whole of the latter half of 1560, which have hindered reconstruction of the circumstances of Amy Dudley's death. The Queen invited La Quadra to join the progress, but he claimed to be unequipped to do so (Lettenhove, ii, 324, to the Bishop of Arras, 13 Aug.). Moreover, apart from his well-known letter on Amy Dudley's death from Windsor on 11 September, few of his despatches survive for the period August–December. Similarly there are very few letters for this period by Cecil, who rejoined the Court in mid-July after the conclusion of the treaty in Scotland. The decision on the progress may have been delayed by the treaty (news of which reached the Court e. 11 July when it was relayed by Leicester both to Sussex (BL, Cotton MS Caligula B IX, fo. 132), and, apparently, to Arundel (DP I, fo. 151, Arundel to Leic., 20 July)), as well as the expected arrival of Eric XIV of Sweden (reported as imminent by Leicester to Sir Henry Paget on 30 June, Paget Papers V, fo. 1). On 19 July Sir William Petre informed Cecil that the Queen intended to begin a progress towards Portsmouth on the 29th (CSPSc, 1547–63, 451Google Scholar, according to La Quadra, the fleet was assembled at Portsmouth, Lettenhove, ii, 523, 12 Aug.). She left Greenwich then, dined at Lambeth and proceeded to Richmond, where she spent five days before going to Oatlands on 4 August and Sutton Place on the 5th (Machyn, 241). Leicester wrote to William Sheldon from Richmond on the 1st (DP I, fo. 4).

²⁷⁷ This and the following entries are to the expenses of Leicester's men at Greenwich from mid-May to the end of July. John Trompet may be Leicester's trumpeter John Richards*. Apart from various dinners in London, Leicester appears to have been there himself throughout June and early July; his letters to Paget and Sussex (see the previous note) were both from Greenwich. However, in mid-June Leicester proposed to visit his brother-in-law, now 3rd Earl of Huntingdon, at Ashby de La Zouche in the near future, possibly for the 2nd Earl's funeral which took place on 14 July (DP I, fo. 147, Huntingdon to Leic., 30 June). This visit was obviously cancelled, but Leicester's movements in late July cannot be established. He may have gone on to Kew ahead of the progress, which may account for the reference below to his abode there.

²⁷⁸ The Court removed from Sutton Place to Farnham on 6 August, where Leicester informed the Countess of Sussex that ‘advertysements of a great princes coming [Eric XIV] very shortly causeth her [the Queen] to make that outward almost a posting journey rather then a progress’ (Howard, L. (ed.), A Collection of Letters (1753), pp. 210–11Google Scholar). He went on to relate that his sister Mary Sidney was ‘lacking six or seven weeks to be delyvered of a child’ [her daughter Elizabeth, born on 10 October]. Since Sidney was then in Wales, she may have taken up residence at Kew for her lying in.

²⁷⁹ Ambrose Dudley's house was in Holborne.

²⁸⁰ The Queen left Farnham on 8 August and went to Portsmouth, Southampton, Winchester, Basing and then Windsor, which she reached on 30 August–1 September. The Court remained at Windsor until the end of September when it removed to Hampton Court. There is no record of Leicester's movements after 6 August until he wrote to Sussex from Windsor on 7 September, commenting on the Queen's enthusiastic hunting (BL, Cotton MS Titus B XIII, fo. 17). Two days later came the news of his wife's death and he retired to Kew. According to BL, Add. MS 48023, fo. 353, he did not return to Court (then at Hampton Court) until the Tuesday after Michaelmas Day (1 October). The references to his abode at Kew may also refer to this period.

²⁸¹ For Amy Dudley's funeral.

²⁸² Leicester's mourning is mentioned both in a fragment of a despatch from Michel de Seurre to the Cardinal of Lorraine of 24 September (Paris, L. (ed.), Négotiations, Lettres et Pièces diverses … tirées du Portefeuille de … Evêque de Limoges (Paris, 1841), p. 542Google Scholar), and in BL, Add. MS 48023, fo. 353, which notes that it continued until Easter 1561 and considers it to have been completely hypocritical.

²⁸³ The Lord Mayor's Banquet was held on 29 October (see p. 165 below). The new lord mayor was (Sir) William Chester, MR Bosom's Inn was at St Lawrence, Cheapside, and the Maiden Head in the Steelyard.

²⁸⁴ The Court removed from Hampton Court to Whitehall in mid-November. The seven weeks referred to here are probably October and the first weeks of November. It is curious that while these expenses and those for Greenwich in June and July are entered here, there are none for the progress in August. Only a few vague references can be found in the Book of Servants Wages (e.g. the entry for Ralph Aldersey, pp. 408–9 below).

²⁸⁵ The Queen visited Greenwich and Eltham for a few days in late November, and the banquet appears to have been held on the 27th. Throckmorton's secretary Robert Jones, who had been sent to warn her about a possible marriage to Leicester, reported that he had his first interview at Greenwich in the evening of Wednesday the 27th after she had returned from hunting and dining at Eltham (BL, Add. MS 35830, fo. 66, 30 Nov.). A fragment of a letter from Sir Humphrey Radcliffe to Sussex refers to Leicester's great banquet for the Queen at Eltham being on Wednesday (BL, Cotton MS Titus B XIII, fo. 28).

²⁸⁶ There was no Imperial ambassador in England in November 1560, see n. 239 above. The entry has either been misplaced from November or December 1559 or ‘Emperoures’ is a mistake for Scottish, see below.

²⁸⁷ Machyn (p. 245) recorded ‘a grett fray’ at the Court between Leicester's servants and ‘Harbard's men’ on 30 November, but no record of it can be found in this account.

²⁸⁸ William Maitland of Lethington and the Earls of Morton and Glencairn had arrived in early November to propose the marriage of the Earl of Arran to Elizabeth. Elizabeth finally gave them a negative answer on 8 December, and they left a week or so later. According to Jones (to Throckmorton, 30 Nov., see n. 285 above), the Scots held a dinner for the Council on 26 November (Leicester being with them) and then they were dined at the Earl of Pembroke's on the 28th and at the Earl of Bedford's on another occasion. The entry on p. 165 below probably refers to the dinner on the 26th. This entry would appear to be to one of the series of reciprocation, presumably in early December. Assuming the singular is not a slip, the reference is probably to Maitland, who knew Leicester from his previous embassies in 1559–60 (see DP I, fo. 164, Arran to Leicester, 28 Sept. 1560).

²⁸⁹ Probably those for the loan with William Byrde, see n. 200 above.

²⁹⁰ This bond does not correspond to the dates of his loans from Revett entered on pp. 113–4 above.

²⁹¹ Probably related to the 1559 case over Hemsby, see n. 65.

²⁹² The audit is discussed in the Introduction, n. 51. For Weston see n. 244 above.

²⁹³ Sir Maurice Berkeley (c.1512–81) of Bruton, Som., MP.

²⁹⁴ Probably John Hutton (d.1591) of Dry Drayton, Cambs, MR Leicester described his servant Robert Hutton* in 1562 as ‘the younger brother of John Hutton of Cambridge shire’, FSL, MS Xc 34, to Throckmorton, 20 April 1562 (a transcription of this letter is calendared in CSPF, 1561–2, 617)Google Scholar. There is a further reference to Hutton on p. 225 below.

²⁹⁵ A coat of mail to be worn under ordinary clothing. This entry would suggest that Leicester was taking seriously the various rumours of plots against him in die winter of 1559–60.

²⁹⁶ Richard, 1st Lord Rich (c.1496–1567), for his son and grandson see n. 347 below.

²⁹⁷ William Hewet, see n. 263 above.

²⁹⁸ Probably Sir Nicholas Throckmorton's wife, see n. 95 above.

²⁹⁹ Leicester had been appointed Lieutenant of Windsor Castle on 24 November 1559 (CPR, 1558–9, 324Google Scholar), after the Marian Constable, Sir Francis Englefield, had gone into exile. Englefield was later dismissed and Leicester appointed Constable on 23 February 1562 (CPR, 1560–3, 310).

³⁰⁰ Sir William Petre (1506/7–72), Privy Councillor and former Secretary of State, MP. See also Emmison, Tudor Secretary. His son, Sir John Petre, is referred to on pp. 339, 343–4 below.

³⁰¹ Probably Katherine (Bridges), wife of Edward Sutton, 4th Lord Dudley (d.1586). See ‘West Midlands’, 29, 31, 39, for his relations with Leicester.

³⁰² (Sir) Simon Musgrave (d.1597) of Eden Hall, Cumb., MP. Musgrave was a former servant of Northumberland's, for his relations with Leicester see ‘Dudley Clientèle’, p. 113, and ‘House of Commons’, 227. Musgrave acknowledged a letter from Leicester on 6 March (DP, I, fo. 118). The Musgraves were related by marriage to die Yanwith Dudleys (see John Dudley*) and thus part of a wider Cumbrian connection, which included Thomas Warcop and Thomas Aglionby.

³⁰³ Presumably the same man whose child was christened in May, see p. 166 below. He was probably John Walgrave, who in 1551 had been a man at arms in the Duke of Somerset's retinue (BL, Egerton MS 2815), and later served at Le Havre.

³⁰⁴ There is also a reference to the £6 4s ‘which my Lord did will me to pay to Randall Tyler a bookbynder for Italian books delyvered at Christchurche in the iiij year of Q. Mary [1556–7]’ in an undated bill, DP Box V, fo. 3. The two references are of some importance to H.M. Nixon's study of the bindings of Leicester's books, see his essay ‘Elizabethan Gold-Tooled Bindings’, in Rhodes, D.E. (ed.), Essays in Honour of Victor Schulderer (Mainz, 1970), pp. 219–70, esp. 226–9Google Scholar. Nixon has divided the bindings into four classes and dated the first two, the ‘cartouche’ and the ‘frame’ bindings, c. 1558 and c. 1560. These would fit the dates of the two references quite neatly, except that none of the surviving books in cartouche bindings are Italian, while a number of those in frame bindings are.

³⁰⁵ Edward Bashe (c.1507–87), Surveyor of Naval Victuals, MP. See also the entry to dining with Bashe on 10 February 1561 on p. 166.

³⁰⁶ Probably over mustering of soldiers in Worcestershire

³⁰⁷ Sir Giles Poole (1517–89) of Sapperton, Gloucs., MP. Poole served at St Quentin; in the 1570s he assisted Leicester in the Berkeley law suit (see ‘West Midlands’, 47–8) and hunted regularly at Kenilworth. His son, Sir Henry, is referred to on p. 216, n. 461 below.

³⁰⁸ See n. 268 above.

³⁰⁹ Three Cranes Wharf near the Vintry.

³¹⁰ Alexander Craik (d. 1564), an émigré Scot, who had been a chaplain of Northumberland's and a Marian exile. He was nominated Bishop of Kildare in May 1560 and died in Ireland. See also ‘Dudley Clientèle’, p. 255.

³¹¹ See n. 269 above.

³¹² On 9 April La Quadra complained that the Queen had failed to attend an important meeting on the previous day on the ground that she was indisposed, but in fact had gone to watch Leicester playing tennis (Lettenhove, ii, p. 304, to the Bishop of Arras).

³¹³ Count Helffenstein, see n. 239 above. Mr Granado was Bernardine Grenado, the nephew of Sir Jacques Grenado; both were Flemings and Equerries of the Stables by 1552 (BL, Stowe MS 571, fo. 37v). Sir Jacques was a favourite of the Duchess of Lorraine and was killed in a famous riding accident on 4 May 1557. Leicester sent Bernardine Grenado to buy horses in the Netherlands in the summer of 1559, a mission that was believed by the Spanish authorities to be a cover for reviving diplomatic contact with the Duchess. There are numerous references to this mission in CSPF, 1559–60; see also DP I, fos. 50, 72, Grenado to Leicester, 27 July, 23 Aug. 1559.

³¹⁴ Presumably at Easter (14 April) as in 1559.

³¹⁵ Presumably Mrs Arundel the tavern-owner, see n. 80 above.

³¹⁶ Sir William St Loe (c. 1518–1565), Captain of the Guard from 1559, MP.

³¹⁷ Nichasius Yetswert (d. c. 1587), Secretary for the French Tongue.

³¹⁸ The Chapel Royal.

³¹⁹ Both Hastings and his father, the 2nd Earl of Huntingdon, wrote to Leicester on 9 April (DP I, fos. 133, 135) to support a suit of William Stokes (see n. 352 below).

³²⁰ Katherine (Willoughby), dowager Duchess of Suffolk (1519–80). She had been a friend of the Duchess of Northumberland and god-mother to one of her daughters (see n. 35 above and Gunn, S.J., Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk 1484–1545 (Oxford, 1988), p. 198)Google Scholar. Two of her letters to Leicester in 1559–60 survive (DP I, fos. 90, 125), the latter (March 1560), petitioning for mercy for Lord Wentworth, the former governor of Calais.

³²¹ (Sir) Thomas Lucy (1532–1600) of Charlecote, Wars., MP. Lucy attended Leicester's funeral, for their relations, see ‘West Midlands’, 44, and p. 295 below. Only one letter from Lucy survives, dated only 8 April (DP I, fo. 95), but since it refers to sending Burnell (who was an archer), it can be assigned to 1560 on the basis of this entry.

³²² Thomas Holcroft (d.1591), MP. The licence was probably the wool export licence, see n. 215 above.

³²³ George Gilpin (1514–1602), secretary to the Merchant Adventurers. Fragments of an extensive correspondence survive, largely concerned with Netherlands news, though not this letter. The series begins with a letter of 6 March 1559 (DP I, fo.11), the earliest to Leicester extant; according to a later one (fo. 31, 15 July 1559) the correspondence was begun at Leicester's request. The silk hose was probably for the Queen and may have been sent by Gresham, see Gresham to Leicester, 18 Aug. (DP I, fo. 155).

³²⁴ Christopher Milliard (c.1523–1602) of Winestead, Yorks., MP.

³²⁵ The Mercers' Feast was held on 22 July, see p. 165 below. John, 6th Lord Lumley (1533/4–1609), was Arundel's son-in-law, and lived with him at Nonsuch Palace (see n. 140 above). Frequent references to Lumley and Nonsuch will be found in the 1584–6 disbursement book.

³²⁶ This was probably Lord Hastings of Loughborough (see n. 35 above), for Henry, Lord Hastings, had succeeded his father as Earl of Huntingdon on 23 June.

³²⁷ Richard Chetwoode (d. Jan. 1560), MP, formerly a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Edward VI. Leicester was an executor of his will.

³²⁸ Sir Ralf Egerton of Wrinehall, Stan's. He attended Leicester's funeral.

³²⁹ Edward, 3rd Lord Windsor (1532–75). There was a distant family connection created by Edmund Dudley's first marriage to Anne, sister of the 1st Lord Windsor. The 3rd baron served at St Quentin and later went into semi-exile in Venice.

³³⁰ Sir Anthony Cooke (c. 1505–76) of Gidea Hall, Essex, MP. The dinner with Byrde took place on 22 December, see p. 165 below and n. 200 above.

³³¹ These may have been the mules that Leicester purchased for the Queen through Throckmorton in 1559, see DP I, fo. 58, Throckmorton to Leicester, 2 Aug. 1559.

³³² This entry would appear to be misplaced. On 22 January Throckmorton wrote angrily to Cecil to complain about Archie Craig's arrival in France on the 20th, ostensibly on personal business; Throckmorton believed he was on a political errand, though it is not clear what this was. See PRO, SP 70/22/119, calendared in CSPF, 1560–61, 512.

³³³ Sir William Woodhouse (1517–64) of Hickling, Norf, MP.

³³⁴ Walter Devereux (1539–76), 2nd Viscount Hereford, 1st Earl of Essex in 1572. In 1562 he married Lattice Knollys, the future Countess of Leicester.

³³⁵ Hertford Gaol?

³³⁶ This may have been a farewell dinner, for Gilles de Noailles was formally replaced as ambassador by Michel de Seurre on 15 February (CSPF, 1559–60, 378).Google Scholar

³³⁷ This must have been a farewell dinner, for the Duke left London on 11 April 1560 (Machyn, 230).

³³⁸ Louis de Luxembourg, Count of Rouci, who replaced one of the original French hostages on 5 April (CSPF, 1559–60, 502).

³³⁹ Thomas Percy, 7th Earl (1528–72).

³⁴⁰ Thomas Stuckley, the later notorious catholic exile, killed in Morocco in 1578. He served at St Quentin, Le Havre and (briefly) under Henry Sidney in Ireland in 1566.

³⁴¹ William Hewet, see n. 263 above.

³⁴² This is must be an error for May, for Gresham reported Helffenstein's departure from Antwerp to Brussels on 29 May, see CSPF, 1560–61, 89.Google Scholar

³⁴³ Probably Hugh Offley, leatherseller and alderman, rather than his brother Sir Thomas, merchant taylor and lord mayor 1556–7.

³⁴⁴ Sir John Mason (1503–66), Treasurer of the Chamber, MP. His wife, Lady Elizabeth Isley, was a relation of the Duchess of Northumberland. He recommended Leicester to Oxford University as his successor as Chancellor in December 1564 (Bodl., University Archives, Convocation Register KK9, fo. 6–v).

³⁴⁵ This dinner took place after Leicester, Cecil and various councillors had heard James Pilkington, the newly elected Bishop of Durham, preach at Paul's Cross, see Machyn, 248.

³⁴⁶ This may have been have been the Garter feast, which was held on 18 February 1561, see Machyn, 250.

³⁴⁷ The future 2nd Lord Rich (1537–81), from whom Leicester purchased Wanstead House in 1578, see Introduction, p. 26. His child was Robert, 3rd Lord Rich (1559/60–1619) and later 1st Earl of Warwick, who was an assistant mourner at Leicester's funeral.

³⁴⁸ Sir Thomas Chamberlain (1504–80), MP, ambassador in Spain 1560–1. According to Machyn (p. 216) the christening of Chamberlain's son took place on 27 October 1559, the other godfather being the Duke of Finland. He has been identified as John Chamberlain (c.1560–1617), MP.

³⁴⁹ Robert Carey (1560–1639), later 1st Earl of Monmouth. Leicester and Sidney are identified as his godfathers in Hunsdon's notes on his children's nativities, but his date of birth is not given. Carey was coy about his relationship to Leicester in his autobiographical memoir, see Mares, F.H. (ed.), The Memoirs of Robert Carey (Oxford, 1972), pp. 5, 90–1.Google Scholar

³⁵⁰ Richard Onslow (1527/8–71), MR The child was probably his heir Robert, who pre-deceased him. Onslow left a gift to Leicester in his will.

³⁵¹ No other reference to this trip can be found in this account.

³⁵² Possibly William Stokes (b. 1525) elder brother of Adrian (c.1532–85), MP, for whom Hastings and his father had written in April (see n. 319 above).

³⁵³ Probably Thomas Cornwallis, Gentleman Pensioner 1560, not Sir Thomas (1518/9–1604), MP.

³⁵⁴ (Sir) Fulke Greville (1536?–1606) of Beauchamps Court, Wars. See ‘West Midlands’, 44, for his relations with Leicester. He attended his funeral.

³⁵⁵ Sir George Howard (d. c. 1580), Master of the Armoury.

³⁵⁶ Alexander Nowell (c.1507–1602).

³⁵⁷ Probably relating to Warwickshire lieutenancy business.

³⁵⁸ Philip, for Robert was not born until 1563.

³⁵⁹ Cf. the entry for thirty-five caps in the Chancy account, p. 98 above.