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Prevalence of household food poverty in South Africa: results from a large, nationally representative survey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Donald Rose  and
Karen E Charlton
Donald Rose
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
Karen E Charlton*
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
*
*Corresponding author: Email kc@uctgsh1.uct.ac.za
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Abstract

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Objectives:

Household food insecurity is a major determinant of undernutrition, yet there is little information on its prevalence in the South African population. This paper assesses household food insecurity in South Africa using a quantitative and objective measure, known as food poverty, and provides prevalence estimates by geographic area and socio-economic condition.

Design:

Secondary data analysis combining two sources: Statistics South Africa's household-based 1995 Income and Expenditure Survey; and the University of Port Elizabeth's Household Subsistence Level series, a nationally-conducted, market-based survey.

Setting:

South Africa.

Subjects:

A nationally representative sample of the entire country – stratified by race, province, and urban and non-urban areas – consisting of 28 704 households.

Results:

A household is defined to be in food poverty when monthly food spending is less than the cost of a nutritionally adequate very low-cost diet. The prevalence of food poverty in South Africa in 1995 was 43%. Food poverty rates were highest among households headed by Africans, followed by coloureds, Indians and whites. Higher food poverty rates were found with decreasing income, increasing household size, and among households in rural areas or those headed by females.

Conclusions:

The widespread nature of household food insecurity in South Africa is documented here. Prevalence rates by geographic and socio-economic breakdown provide the means for targeting of nutritional interventions and for monitoring progress in this field. The corroboration of these findings with both internal validation measures and external sources suggests that food poverty is a useful, objective measure of household food insecurity.

Keywords

Household food insecuritySouth AfricaFood povertyIncome and expenditure survey

Information

Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 5 , Issue 3 , June 2002 , pp. 383 - 389
Copyright
Copyright © CABI Publishing 2002

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