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The Etymology of English boy, beacon, and buoy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2008

Anatoly Liberman
Anatoly Liberman
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesDepartment of German, Scandinavian and Dutch205 Folwell Hall9 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455 [liber002@umn.edu]
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The words discussed here are vaguely connected, for all three may originally go back to sound complexes designating objects capable of swelling and making frightening noises. In boy, we probably have a blend of *boi ‘devil’ and *bo ‘little brother’. (A close parallel is German Bube.) The etymon of beacon seems to be *bauk-, which, like OE būc ‘stomach’, referred to swelling. Its original meaning was ‘portent’ ‘banner’ and ‘signal fire’ were added to ‘portent, sign’ under the influence of the word for ‘token’. A reflex of another word that denoted an inflatable object is buoy, borrowed from Middle Dutch.

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Journal of Germanic Linguistics , Volume 12 , Issue 2 , Fall 2000 , pp. 201 - 234
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Copyright © Society for Germanic Linguistics 2000

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