Sexual Segregation in Vertebrates

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511525629

Males and females often differ in developmental patterns, adult morphology, ecology and behaviour, and in many mammals males are often larger. Size dimorphism results in divergent nutritional and energetic requirements or reproductive strategies by the sexes, which in turn sometimes causes them to select different forage, use different habitats, and express differing social affinities. Such divergent life-styles often lead males and females to live large parts of their lives separately. Sexual segregation is widespread in animals. Males and females may share the same habitat, but at different times, for example, or they might use different habitats entirely. Why did sexual segregation evolve and what factors contribute to it? Sexual Segregation in Vertebrates explores these questions by looking at a wide range of vertebrates and is aimed as a synthesis of our current understanding and a guide for future research.

In addition to being a solid review, this first synthesis should serve to encourage discussion and promote further research in this area of behavioral ecology.--Choice

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv
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Contents
pp v-vii
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List of contributors
pp viii-x
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Preface
pp xi-xii
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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Part I - Overview
pp 1-2
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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1 - Sexual segregation and the ecology of the two sexes
pp 3-8
- By Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Tim H. Clutton-Brock, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge
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Part II - Concepts and methodology
pp 9-10
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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2 - Definitions, hypotheses, models and measures in the study of animal segregation
pp 11-32
- By Larissa Conradt, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex
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Part III - Foraging ecology
pp 33-34
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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3 - Sex differences in the foraging ecology of large mammalian herbivores
pp 35-52
- By Johan T. Du Toit, Department of Forest, Range, and Wildlife Sciences, Utah State University
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4 - Sexual segregation in seals
pp 53-73
- By Iain J. Staniland, British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge
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5 - Sexual differences in foraging behaviour and diets: a case study of wandering albatrosses
pp 74-91
- By José C. Xavier, British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, John P. Croxall, British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge
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6 - Differences in foraging behaviour and feeding ecology in giant petrels
pp 92-112
- By Jacob Gonzáles-Solís, Departamento Biologia Animal (Vertebrats), Av Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain, John P. Croxall, British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge
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Part IV - Predator avoidance and reproductive strategies
pp 113-114
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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7 - Predation risk as a driving factor for size assortative shoaling and its implications for sexual segregation in fish
pp 115-126
- By Darren P. Croft, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Jens Krause, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Richard James, Department of Physics, University of Bath
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8 - Differences in habitat selection and reproductive strategies of male and female sharks
pp 127-147
- By David W. Sims, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth
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9 - Sex differences in reproductive strategies affect habitat choice in ungulates
pp 148-162
- By Martin B. Main, University of Florida, Southwest Florida Research & Education Center, Johan T. Du Toit, Department of Forest, Range, and Wildlife Sciences, Utah State University
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Part V - Sex-related activities and social factors
pp 163-164
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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10 - Activity asynchrony and social segregation
pp 165-179
- By Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, Peter Neuhaus, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge
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11 - Sexual segregation in ungulates: from individual mechanisms to collective patterns
pp 180-199
- By Richard Bon, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, CNRS – Université Paul Sabatier – Toulouse III, Jean-Louis Deneubourg, Service d'Ecologie Sociale, CP 231, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Jean-François Gerard, Institut de Recherche sur les Grands Mammifères, Pablo Michelena, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, CNRS – Université Paul Sabatier – Toulouse III
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12 - Sexual segregation in humans
pp 200-218
- By Anthony D. Pellegrini, Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, Jeffrey D. Long, Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, Elizabeth A. Mizerek, Center for Applied Research & Educational Improvement, University of Minnesota
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Part VI - Sexual differences in ecology: comparisons within different taxa
pp 219-220
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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13 - Ecological divergence between the sexes in reptiles
pp 221-253
- By Richard Shine, School of Biological Sciences, A08, University of Sydney, Michael Wall, School of Biological Sciences, A08, University of Sydney
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14 - Sexual segregation in Australian marsupials
pp 254-279
- By Abigail M. MacFarlane, Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Graeme Coulson, Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne
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15 - Social systems and ecology of bats
pp 280-302
- By John D. Altringham, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, Paula Senior, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds
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16 - Sociality and ecology of the odontocetes
pp 303-326
- By Robert Michaud, Group de Recherche et d'éducation sur les mammifères marin, 295, Chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec G1R 1T5, Canada
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17 - Sexual segregation in non-human primates
pp 327-348
- By David P. Watts, Department of Anthropology, Yale University
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Part VII - Implications for conservation
pp 349-350
- By Kathreen Ruckstuhl, Assistant Professor, University of Calgary, Ecology Division, in the Department of Biological Sciences, Peter Neuhaus, Part-Time Research Assistant, The University of Neuchâtel; Adjunct Professor, University of Calgary
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18 - Sexual segregation in birds: patterns, processes and implications for conservation
pp 351-378
- By Paulo Catry, Unidade de Investigação em Eco-Etologia, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, Richard A. Phillips, British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, John P. Croxall, British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge
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19 - Sexual segregation: a necessary consideration in wildlife conservation
pp 379-392
- By Esther S. Rubin, Zoological Society of San Diego, Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, Vernon C. Bleich, California Department of Fish and Game
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