Shaken Baby Syndrome: Investigating the Abusive Head Trauma Controversy

doi:10.1017/9781009177894

Since the early 2000s, a growing body of scientific studies in neuropathology, neurology, neurosurgery, biomechanics, statistics, criminology and psychology has cast doubt on the forensic reliability of medical determinations of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), more recently termed Abusive Head Trauma (AHT). Studies have increasingly documented that accidental short falls and a wide range of medical conditions, can cause the same symptoms and findings associated with this syndrome. Nevertheless, inaccurate diagnoses, unrealistic confidence expression, and wrongful convictions continue to this day. Bringing together contributions from a multidisciplinary expert panel of 32 professionals across 8 countries in 16 different specialties, this landmark book tackles the highly controversial topic of SBS, which lies at the intersection of medicine, science, and law. With comprehensive coverage across multiple disciplines, it explains the scientific evidence challenging SBS and advances efforts to evaluate how deaths and serious brain injuries in infants should be analysed and investigated.

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Contents

Shaken Baby Syndrome
pp i-ii
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Shaken Baby Syndrome - Title page
pp iii-iii
Investigating the Abusive Head Trauma Controversy
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Copyright page
pp iv-iv
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Dedication
pp v-vi
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Contents
pp vii-viii
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Foreword
pp ix-xxii
After a Quarter of a Century, Have Any Lessons Been Learned from the Trial of Louise Woodward?
- By Barry Scheck
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About This Book
pp xxiii-xxvi
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Abbreviations
pp xxvii-xxviii
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Section 1 - Prologue
pp 1-32
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Chapter 1 - Maintaining the Orthodoxy and Silencing Dissent
pp 1-10
- By Chris Brook
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Chapter 2 - The History of Shaken Baby Syndrome
pp 11-32
- By Randy Papetti
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Section 2 - Medicine
pp 33-160
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Chapter 3 - The Neuropathology of Shaken Baby Syndrome or Retino-Dural Haemorrhage of Infancy
pp 33-65
- By Waney Squier, Tommie Olofsson
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Chapter 4 - The Importance of the Correlation between Radiology and Pathology in Shaken Baby Syndrome
pp 66-84
- By Julie Mack, Waney Squier
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Chapter 5 - Shaken Baby Syndrome
pp 85-104
Abusive Head Trauma or Just a Type of Hydrocephalus?
- By Knut Wester, Johan Wikström
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Chapter 6 - Shaken Baby Syndrome or Benign External Hydrocephalus
pp 105-128
How Is Abusive Head Trauma Depicted in the Scientific Literature?
- By Knut Wester, Johan Wikström, Joseph Scheller
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Chapter 7 - Are Some Cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Incorrectly Diagnosed as Shaken Baby Syndrome?
pp 129-137
- By Marta Cohen
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Chapter 8 - Abusive Head Trauma
pp 138-147
The Importance of Predisposing Factors
- By Bernard Echenne
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Chapter 9 - How I Became a Shaken Baby Syndrome Sceptic Paediatrician
pp 148-160
A Review of the Observations That Challenge the Existence of Shaken Baby Syndrome
- By Marvin Miller
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Section 3 - Science
pp 161-274
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Chapter 10 - The Swedish Systematic Literature Review on Suspected Traumatic Shaking (Shaken Baby Syndrome) and Its Aftermath
pp 161-178
- By Niels Lynøe, Anders Eriksson
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Chapter 11 - Interrogation and the Infanticide Suspect
pp 179-188
Mechanisms of Vulnerability to False Confession
- By Deborah Davis, Richard Leo
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Chapter 12 - Can Confession Substitute for Science in Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma?
pp 189-204
- By Keith Findley
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Chapter 13 - Cognitive Bias in Medico-legal Judgments
pp 205-217
- By Jeff Kukucka, Keith Findley
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Chapter 14 - Biomechanical Forensic Analysis of Shaking and Short-Fall Head Injury Mechanisms in Infants and Young Children
pp 218-235
- By Kirk Thibault
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Chapter 15 - When Lack of Information Leads to Apparent Paradoxes and Wrong Conclusions
pp 236-248
Analysis of a Seminal Article on Short Falls
- By Leila Schneps
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Chapter 16 - Epidemiology of Findings Claimed to Be Highly Specific for Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma, a Prerequisite to Improve Diagnosis of Child Abuse
pp 249-258
- By Ulf Högberg
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Chapter 17 - Shaken Baby Syndrome
pp 259-274
Exploring Concerns about the ‘Triad’ Diagnosis and Its Statistical Validation Using a Causal Bayesian Network
- By Norman Fenton, Scott McLachlan
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Section 4 - Law
pp 275-320
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Chapter 18 - Mandatory Reporting of Child Maltreatment
pp 275-286
- By Felicity Goodyear-Smith
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Shaken Baby Syndrome

Investigating the Abusive Head Trauma Controversy

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