Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-77f85d65b8-6c7dr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-04-17T15:03:22.433Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Index

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 August 2023

Małgorzata Kowalczyk

Summary

A summary is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Information

Type
Chapter
Information
Borrowings in Informal American English , pp. 327 - 334
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Index

Abate, Frank, 7
abbreviation, 93–94, 114
accentuation, 79, 81, 104, 143
acronym, 93, 94, 105, 144
Adams, Michael, 8, 32, 35, 40, 110, 116
adaptation, 26, 28, 70, 73, 79
Adeleye, Gabriel, 7
adjective, 63, 64, 78, 143
adjectivization, 101, 105, 144
adverb, 63, 66, 78, 143
affix, 66, 78, 86, 143
affix word, 85–87
affixation, 84, 90, 104, 144
Africa, 56
African American English, 37, 56, 57, 118
African American Vernacular, 10, 11, 38, 57
African Americans, 39
African languages, 56, 57
Akmajian, Adrian, 24
alcohol, 122, 128–130
Algeo, John, 6, 7, 8, 24, 62, 84, 112
Allen, Irving Lewis, 2, 113
alteration, 70
amalgamation, 94
amelioration, 100
American English, 1, 10–11, 35–36, 80, 81, 82, 104, 117, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146
American society, 1, 14, 34, 39, 48, 61, 69, 80, 118, 120, 141, 145, 146
appropriation, 3, 9, 118
Arabic, 56, 58, 83, 142
argot, 40
Arizona, 13
article, 89
assimilation, 2, 3, 17, 60, 67–70, 78, 101, 118, 143
Austria, 83
Ayto, John, 1, 33, 35, 42, 135
back clipping, 93
bad English, 37
Bauer, Laurie, 35
Belarusian, 49
Bell, Allan, 8
Bentley, Harold, 6
binomial, 92
binomial phrase, 92
blend, 94
blending, 94–95, 105, 144
Bloomfield, Leonard, 60, 117
Bluestein, Gene, 7
books on borrowing, 5–7, 20
books on informal language, 7–10, 20
borrowing, 2, 3, 5, 11, 22–27, 43, 61–63, 141, 146
borrowing proper, 25, 78, 142
broadening, 99
Brown, Kimberley, 22
Bucholtz, Mary, 118
Bühler, Karl, 106
cacophemism, 42
California, 13
caló, 47
calque, 25
cannibal borrowing, 109
Cannon, Garland, 7
cant, 40
Cantonese, 53
Chambers, Jack, 8
changes overview, 143–144
Chapman, Robert, 9, 10, 12, 13, 18, 32, 33, 75, 110, 119, 126, 129
Chinese, 20, 26, 53–54, 58, 62, 78, 83, 104, 142, 143
circumfix, 88
citation borrowing, 27, 68
citations, 1, 2, 3, 12, 15, 16–17, 19, 20, 141, 145, 146
classical languages, 54
cliché, 92
clipped compound, 93
clipped phrase, 94
clipping, 93–94, 104, 114, 144
Clyne, Michael, 24
code switch, 27, 28, 44, 141
code-mixing, 28
code-switching, 27–28
coexistence borrowing, 108
Cold War, 53, 55
Coleman, Julie, 1, 8, 9, 15, 17, 30, 31, 32, 33, 40, 103
colloquial borrowing, 10, 75
colloquial register, 30, 34, 44, 74, 103, 142
colloquialism, 1, 8, 10, 29, 30, 31, 34–36, 74, 75, 78, 113, 141, 143
communication, 130
composition, 84
compounding, 84, 85, 104, 144
conciseness, 113, 114–115, 120, 144
confix, 88
consonant, 79, 80, 104, 143
content word, 63
conversion, 101–102, 105, 144
copying, 24
core themes, 3, 122–130, 139, 145
corpus linguistics, 73
corruption, 95–96, 105, 144
crime, 40, 47, 51, 110, 122, 127, 129, 139, 145
cross-over expression, 118
Crowther, Jonathan, 35
Crystal, David, 6, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 29, 30, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 109, 116, 117
Cuba, 47
Cuban Americans, 47
Cuban Revolution, 47
Cuban Spanish, 47, 58
Culpeper, Jonathan, 106, 116
cultural borrowing, 117
cultural crossing, 117, 118–120, 144
cultural enrichment, 119
cultural function, 3, 106, 116–120, 144
cultural identity, 117–118, 120, 144
culture-specific borrowing, 74
culture-specific themes, 3, 122, 134, 139, 145
Czech, 49
Czech Republic, 83
Dalzell, Tom, 10, 11, 18, 33, 127, 132
data collection, 2, 3, 5, 12–17, 20, 145
data description, 3, 5, 16, 17–19, 20, 60, 141
data inclusion, 3, 5, 10–12, 16, 20, 141
database, 2, 3, 12–13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 72, 73, 141
dating, 4, 18, 19, 20, 146
degeneration, 100
degradation, 100
denotative function, 107–109
descriptive linguistics, 2, 17
dialect, 38, 40, 43, 83
dictionaries, 2, 6, 9, 18, 20, 37
diphthong, 79, 80, 104, 143
diversifying borrowing, 108
diversifying function, 107, 108
documentary linguistics, 2, 12, 15, 141
dominant language, 117
Donaldson, Bruce, 31
donor language, 3, 17, 20, 22, 45, 58, 62, 70, 79, 81, 82, 85, 93, 95, 102, 103, 104, 124, 143
donors overview, 45–46, 58–59, 142
double vowel, 80
drugs, 122, 127–128
Dumas, Bethany, 33
Durkin, Philip, 6, 22, 23, 24
Dutch, 53–54, 58, 62, 73, 78, 104, 142, 143
dysphemism, 40, 42
Eastern Europe, 49
Eble, Connie, 1, 8, 15, 17, 30, 33, 40, 43, 52, 93, 114, 130
educational context, 2, 4, 29, 30, 37, 121, 146
eighteenth century, 46, 50, 53
elevation, 100
emotions, 65, 75, 110, 111–112, 120, 123, 144
emotive categorization, 122–124, 139, 145
enriching borrowing, 107
enriching function, 107–108
epithet, 111, 115
eponym, 96–97
ethnic context, 13, 19, 21, 106, 146
ethnic dialect, 39
ethnicity, 1, 2, 13, 14, 39, 61, 69, 74, 81, 86, 117, 118, 133, 135, 141, 145, 146
ethnolect, 36, 39
etymology, 4, 18, 19, 20, 45, 51, 146
euphemism, 40, 41–42
Europe, 48
Everett, Daniel, 2, 14
examples, 2, 4, 12, 18, 19, 20, 21, 141, 145, 146
exclamation, 65, 78, 111, 115, 143
expressive function, 110–113
extension, 99
external description, 17
false friend, 26
Fasold, Ralph, 8
Fernandez, Roberto, 61
Field, Frederic, 6, 60
figuration, 71, 79, 97, 98–99, 105, 144
figurative device, 98
figurative meaning, 16, 73, 98
figure of speech, 98
Finegan, Edward, 8
Fishman, Joshua, 8
Fisiak, Jacek, 17, 60, 61
Flexner, Stuart Berg, 9, 10, 12, 86, 90
Florida, 13, 47
folk etymology, 96
forcefulness, 113, 115, 120, 144
foreign word, 26–27, 61, 62, 68, 96
foreignism, 27, 44, 46, 68, 141
formal language, 29
formal register, 2, 10, 30, 44, 103, 104, 142, 144
formality scale, 2, 10, 29–30, 34, 44, 103, 113, 142
formulaic expression, 23, 92, 116
Fought, Carmen, 6, 46
Freedman, Matt, 7
Fremdwörter, 68
French, 7, 11, 23, 26, 51–52, 58, 61, 81, 85, 96, 142
frequency, 3, 17, 60, 72–74, 78, 143
frequent borrowing, 72, 73, 78, 143
Fromkin, Victoria, 8
front clipping, 93
fully assimilated borrowing, 67, 69, 78, 143
function word, 63
functional shift, 63, 101
functions overview, 144–145
fusion, 94
Garcarz, Michał, 8, 30, 41
Gastwörter, 68
Geller, Ewa, 49, 50, 61
generalization, 97, 99, 105, 144
geography, 122, 131, 133–134, 139, 145
German, 7, 11, 23, 26, 45, 49, 50–51, 58, 62, 66, 67, 73, 78, 86, 87, 142, 143
Germany, 83
Glossary, 4, 16, 17, 18–20, 21, 77, 141, 145–146
Glossary overview, 145–146
Görlach, Manfred, 7, 11, 23, 67
Graddol, David, 22, 27
Gramley, Stephan, 6, 8, 108
grammatical changes, 3, 70, 79, 100–102, 105, 144
grammatical word, 63
Greek, 7, 54
Green, Jonathon, 9, 12, 17, 18, 30, 33
Gries, Stefan, 16
Grosjean, François, 28
group solidarity, 109, 120, 144
group-identification function, 109–110
Halliday, Michael, 64
Harper, Douglas, 18
Haspelmath, Martin, 24, 28, 45, 63, 70, 71, 72, 107, 108, 117, 118, 121
Haugen, Einar, 6, 22, 23, 24, 25, 60, 61
Hebrew, 45, 49, 83, 96
high register, 30
highly modified borrowing, 71, 78, 143
Hindi, 59, 83, 142, 143
historical context, 2, 9, 17, 18, 40
Hoffman, Paul, 7
Holmes, Janet, 8
human body, 41, 76, 112, 122, 124–125, 139, 145
human physiology, 76, 112, 122, 125–126, 139, 145
humor, 49, 52, 54, 59, 88, 95, 111, 112, 115, 120, 142, 144
Hungary, 83
hybrid, 26
hybrid loan, 26, 54, 65, 84
idiom, 19, 91
imitation, 59, 95, 119, 142
imitative borrowing, 95
immediate source borrowing, 20, 45, 55
immigrants, 1, 2, 45, 51, 52, 53, 68, 69, 80, 81, 83, 105, 117, 118, 120, 122, 131, 133, 139, 141, 144, 145, 146
immigration, 36, 46, 51, 83, 132
impact, 75–78, 143
importation, 11, 25, 26, 36, 79, 97
incorporation, 24
infix, 87, 90
informal language, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 29–36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 103, 113, 122, 139, 141, 145, 146
informal register, 30, 74, 102, 144
informality, 36, 113–114, 120, 144
informational function, 107
initialism, 93, 94, 144
insertion borrowing, 107
integration, 67
interjection, 111
internal description, 17
intimate borrowing, 117
intoxication by alcohol, 122, 128, 139, 145
intoxication by drugs, 122, 127, 139, 145
Irish Gaelic, 104, 143
Italian, 51, 58, 81, 85, 142
Italian Americans, 51, 68
Italy, 51
Jakobson, Roman, 106
Japanese, 7, 20, 30, 52–53, 58, 61, 83, 104, 142, 143
jargon, 36, 38, 39, 44, 142
Jewish Americans, 45, 48, 68, 83
Johanson, Lars, 24
Johnson, Mark, 98
Kan Qian, 31
Katamba, Francis, 22, 60, 69, 121
Kaufman, Terrence, 6, 67
Kipfer, Barbara, 2, 6, 10, 12, 13, 14, 18, 23, 24, 25, 26, 36, 41, 42, 99, 119
Knapp, Robbin, 7
Korean, 59, 142, 143
Korean War, 52, 53
Kövecses, Zoltán, 36
Kowalczyk, Małgorzata, 1, 7, 11, 16, 38, 48, 52, 53, 76, 89, 96, 106, 108, 110, 111, 118, 132, 133
Kuźniak, Marek, 6, 26, 60, 68, 96
Labov, William, 8
Lakoff, George, 98
language contact, 22, 23, 27, 56, 106, 116, 141
language corpora, 15, 16, 20, 73
Latin, 7, 54
Latin America, 46
Latin Americans, 13, 46, 68, 88, 132
Latvia, 83
Lehnwörter, 69
lengthening, 84–93, 104, 144
level of formality, 30, 42, 102, 114
lexical borrowing, 1, 6, 20, 23, 25
lexical fields, 3, 112, 121, 139–140
lexical gap, 61, 107, 117, 121
lexical importation, 25
lexicography, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 121
Lieber, Rochelle, 94
Lighter, Jonathan, 1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 18, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 37, 39, 43, 73, 112, 113
lingo, 36, 38
linguistic borrowing, 22
linguistic diversity, 131, 133
Lithuania, 83
Llamas, Carmen, 2, 8
loan, 25
loan hybrid, 23
loan meaning, 26
loan shift, 25
loan translation, 23, 25–26, 43, 53, 56, 61, 62, 65, 78, 92, 141, 142
loanblend, 26, 44, 61–62, 65, 78, 141, 142
loanword, 23, 24, 25, 43, 61, 78, 141, 142
Los Angeles, 13, 52
low register, 30
Malinowski, Bronisław, 116
Mallinson, Christine, 2
Malmkjaer, Kirsten, 22
Mańczak-Wohlfeld, Elżbieta, 7, 23, 27, 60, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69
Mandinka, 56, 58, 92, 142
manipulation, 113, 130
Matras, Yaron, 6, 60
Matthews, Peter, 32
Mauk, David, 1
McArthur, Tom, 6, 8, 24, 27, 28, 29, 38, 42, 43, 67, 92, 94, 98, 99, 100, 121
melioration, 97, 99, 100, 105, 144
melting pot, 1, 36, 117
Mencken, Henry, 8
Mesthrie, Rajend, 24
metalinguistic expression, 133
metaphor, 97, 98, 105, 144
methodology, 2, 3, 5, 14–16, 20, 141
metonymy, 97, 98–99, 105, 144
Mexican Americans, 46, 47
Mexican Spanish, 46, 58
Mexican War, 46
Mexico, 46
Meyerhoff, Miriam, 8
Miami, 13
Middle East, 56
Minkova, Donka, 6, 69, 96, 99
minorities, 1, 2, 12, 13, 14, 46, 68, 69, 74, 80, 81, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 127, 131, 132, 133, 134, 139, 141, 144, 145, 146
minority experience, 122, 131, 132, 139, 145
miscellaneous themes, 3, 122, 134–139, 145
modification, 3, 17, 60, 69, 70–72, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 87, 96, 100, 143
modifications overview, 79, 104–105
morphological calque, 25
morphological changes, 3, 79, 84–97, 104, 143
Munro, Pamela, 15, 37
Murray, Thomas, 6
Muysken, Pieter, 27
Myers-Scotton, Carol, 28, 60, 117
narrowing, 99
nationality, 41, 46, 69, 77, 86, 96
negative categorization, 123
neological borrowing, 107
neological enrichment, 120, 144
neologism, 28, 40, 42, 44, 62, 142
neosemantism, 26
Neufeldt, Victoria, 29, 36
neutral register, 2, 10, 30, 44, 103, 103, 142, 144
New Orleans, 96
New York City, 47, 51, 53
nineteenth century, 40, 52, 53
nomenclature, 3, 39
nominalization, 92, 101, 105, 144
nonalphabetic languages, 83
nonce borrowing, 28, 29, 44, 141
nonce word, 28, 40, 42–43
non-offensive borrowing, 77, 78, 143
nonstandard language, 36–37, 38, 43, 44, 142
non-vulgar borrowing, 76, 78, 143
noun, 63–64, 78, 143
Oakland, John, 1
occasionalism, 42
offensive borrowing, 77–78, 143
offensive language, 40, 41, 75, 77, 111
offensiveness scale, 77
orthographical borrowing, 23
orthographical changes, 3, 82–84, 104, 143
overlexicalization, 64, 108, 121, 123, 126
partially assimilated borrowing, 67, 68–69, 78, 143
particle, 91, 92
partly modified borrowing, 71, 78, 143
Partridge, Eric, 8
parts of speech, 3, 17, 63–67, 100, 105, 144
passive borrowing, 12, 72, 73–74, 78, 143
passive slang, 73
Pätzold, Kurt-Michael, 6, 8, 108
Pearce, Michael, 6, 8, 29, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 66, 84, 96, 98, 107, 121, 131
pejoration, 97, 99, 100, 105, 144
Pfeffer, Alan, 7
phatic communion, 116
phatic function, 116, 130
phonological borrowing, 23
phonological changes, 3, 79–82, 104, 143
phrasal noun, 92
phrasal verb, 91
phrase, 65–66, 78, 143
phrase combinations, 91
phraseology, 84, 90–93, 104, 144
physiological functions, 41, 125–126
placename, 97, 133
Poland, 83
Polański, Kazimierz, 22, 30, 62
Polish, 7, 49, 55, 58, 89, 101, 116, 142
Poplack, Shana, 6, 8
popular etymology, 96
portmonteau word, 94
Portuguese, 59, 104, 142, 143
positive categorization, 123
potentially offensive borrowing, 77, 78, 143
potentially vulgar borrowing, 76, 78, 143
prefix, 87
preposition, 63, 67, 78, 143
prestige, 43, 106, 117, 118, 120, 145
primary slang, 13, 14, 119
Prohibition, 14, 129
pronoun, 63, 66–67, 78, 143
pronunciation, 23, 29, 37, 70, 71, 79–82, 143
proper name, 96
prototypical borrowing, 11, 61, 79
proverb, 92
pseudo-borrowing, 20, 52, 59, 88, 89, 95, 142
psychological function, 3, 106, 110–113, 120, 144
Puerto Rican Spanish, 47, 58
Puerto Rico, 47
Pyles, Thomas, 6, 7, 24, 112
race, 41, 77
racial discrimination, 132, 139, 145
racism, 122, 131, 132–133
rebellion, 120, 144
receiving language, 70
recipient language, 22, 26, 67, 69, 70, 79, 107, 117
referential function, 3, 63, 106, 107–109, 120, 144
register, 3, 17, 30, 36, 60, 74–75, 78, 102, 103, 105, 143, 144
Reid, Elizabeth, 38
religion, 41, 77
replacement borrowing, 108
replacement function, 107, 108–109
research overview, 3, 5, 20–21
respelling, 95–96
restricted borrowing, 72, 74, 78, 143
rhetorical function, 3, 106, 113–116, 120, 144
Rickford, John, 8
Rodríguez González, Félix, 6, 27
Romaine, Suzanne, 8
Romance languages, 85
Romania, 83
Room, Adrian, 18
Rosten, Leo, 7
Rundell, Michael, 29
Russian, 49, 55, 58, 89, 142
Sakel, Jeanette, 2, 14
San Francisco, 52, 53
Schneider, Edgar, 97
Schultz, Julia, 6
secondary slang, 13, 38, 119
semantic borrowing, 61, 62
semantic calque, 26
semantic changes, 3, 79, 97–100, 105, 144
semantic fields, 121, 139–140
semantic loan, 23, 26, 43, 62–63, 78, 141, 142
semantic shifting, 79, 97, 99–100, 105, 144
sensationalism, 95
seventeenth century, 40, 53
sexual orientation, 126
sexuality, 41, 76, 112, 122, 126–127, 139, 145
shared etymology, 20, 50, 55, 58
shibboleth, 37
shortening, 84, 93–94, 104, 144
Simpson, John, 18, 33
single donor language, 20, 45, 58
sixteenth century, 40
slang, 1, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 29, 30, 31, 32–36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 74, 75, 78, 110, 113, 114, 116, 117, 122, 124, 133, 141, 143
slang borrowing, 9, 10, 28, 47, 74–75, 109, 110, 112
slang component, 1, 7, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 46, 51, 54, 64, 72, 73, 75, 103, 106, 108, 109, 110, 112, 119, 122, 123, 125, 132, 134, 139, 145
slang register, 30, 34, 44, 74, 103, 142
Slavic languages, 49, 51, 55, 58, 89, 142
slogan, 92
Slovakia, 83
small talk, 113, 116, 120, 144
Smallman, Shawn, 22
Smitherman, Geneva, 11, 57, 118
social dialect, 38
social distancing, 109, 110, 120, 144
social function, 3, 106, 109–110, 120, 144
social identity, 35, 109, 117
social interaction, 116, 130
social rebellion, 109, 110
sociocultural context, 1, 2, 9, 13, 17, 18, 19, 21, 33, 44, 57, 102, 105, 106, 117, 119, 141, 142, 146
socioeconomic context, 13, 46, 48, 127
sociolect, 36, 38–39
sociolectal code-switching, 28
sociolinguistics, 2, 8, 11, 17, 32, 102, 106, 141
Soukhanov, Anne, 90, 98, 100
source language, 45
sources, 1, 2, 4, 12–14, 19, 20, 141, 145, 146
Spanish, 3, 6, 7, 11, 26, 46–48, 50, 58, 59, 61, 74, 78, 80, 81, 82, 85, 88, 89, 104, 123, 128, 131, 142, 143
Spears, Richard, 10, 31, 135
specialization, 97, 99, 105, 144
spelling, 23, 29, 70, 71, 82–84, 95, 143
spoken language, 36, 37–38, 93
Spolsky, Bernard, 22, 28, 29, 30, 32, 41, 109
standard English, 4, 10, 18, 19, 20, 39, 88, 119, 120, 144, 146
standard language, 2, 35, 36, 43, 44, 103, 141
Stefanowitsch, Anatol, 16
Steinmetz, Sol, 6, 23, 24, 25, 26, 36, 41, 42, 99
Stevens, Payson, 49
Stevenson, Angus, 2, 18, 22, 29, 31, 36, 38, 40, 41, 91, 94, 96, 98, 103, 116
Stockwell, Robert, 6, 8, 69, 96, 99
structural borrowing, 25, 66
style, 30, 74, 102
style mixing, 36
stylistic changes, 3, 79, 102–104, 105
stylization, 68, 117, 119–120, 145
substandard language, 36, 37
substitution, 25, 26
suffix, 87–88, 89–90
Swan, Michael, 30
swearword, 40, 41
synecdoche, 98
synonymous borrowing, 108
synonymous diversification, 120, 144
syntactical borrowing, 23
taboo, 40, 41, 76, 100, 112, 122, 124, 125, 126, 128, 139, 145
Tagalog, 59, 142
Tagliamonte, Sali, 8
target language, 22
terminology, 2, 3, 22, 75, 103, 113, 141
terminology overview, 22, 43–44, 141–142
themes overview, 121–122, 139–140, 145
Thomason, Sarah, 6, 67
Thorne, Tony, 12, 14, 15, 16, 33
Titelman, Gregory, 92
topography, 133
toponym, 96, 97, 134
toughness, 111, 112–113, 120, 144
transfer, 24
transference, 24
transformation, 79
Trudgill, Peter, 8
twentieth century, 46, 47, 48, 51
two donor languages, 45, 55, 58, 59, 85, 142
typology overview, 60, 78, 142–143
Ukraine, 83
Ukrainian, 49
unassimilated borrowing, 67, 68, 78, 143
unconventional language, 36, 37
unestablished borrowing, 28
United States, 1, 2, 3, 14, 59, 116, 117, 141, 142
unmodified borrowing, 70, 78, 143
Urdang, Lawrence, 7
usage overview, 106, 120
Vallejo, Jody, 46
Van Herk, Gerard, 32
variant spelling, 83
verb, 63, 64–65, 78, 143
verb phrase, 90
verbification, 101, 105, 144
vernacular, 1, 31, 36, 38
Victor, Terry, 127
Vietnamese, 59, 142
violence, 122, 127, 139, 145
Von Polenz, Peter, 67
vowel, 79, 80, 143
vulgar borrowing, 76, 78, 143
vulgarism, 40–41, 75, 76, 111, 112
vulgarity scale, 76
Wardhaugh, Ronald, 8, 15, 30
Weiner, Edmund, 18
Weinreich, Uriel, 6, 60
Wentworth, Harold, 9, 10, 12, 86
Western Africa, 56
Wex, Michael, 50, 83
Widawski, Maciej, 1, 2, 7, 9, 11, 19, 22, 30, 31, 33, 34, 37, 38, 39, 42, 57, 73, 76, 83, 86, 90, 95, 96, 99, 106, 107, 110, 112, 115, 119, 122, 123, 124, 125, 133
Winford, Donald, 6, 23
Winn, Peter, 47
Witalisz, Alicja, 62
Wohlgemuth, Jan, 6, 24, 60
Wolof, 56, 58, 92, 142
word order, 23, 29, 85
word stress, 79, 81
wordbuilding processes, 84, 104, 144
wordplay, 52, 54, 59, 95, 113, 115–116, 120, 130, 142, 144
World War I, 50
World War II, 50, 52
Yiddish, 3, 7, 11, 20, 28, 45, 48–50, 51, 55, 58, 59, 62, 74, 78, 83, 85, 87, 89, 90, 92, 96, 104, 123, 142, 143
Yiddish-German borrowing, 48
Yiddish-Hebrew borrowing, 48, 49
Yiddishism, 48, 89
Yiddish-Slavic borrowing, 48, 49
Yule, George, 6, 8
zero derivation, 101
Zuckerman, Ghil’ad, 60

Accessibility standard: Unknown

Why this information is here

This section outlines the accessibility features of this content - including support for screen readers, full keyboard navigation and high-contrast display options. This may not be relevant for you.

Accessibility Information

Accessibility compliance for the HTML of this chapter is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Index
  • Małgorzata Kowalczyk
  • Book: Borrowings in Informal American English
  • Online publication: 31 August 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009346917.013
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Index
  • Małgorzata Kowalczyk
  • Book: Borrowings in Informal American English
  • Online publication: 31 August 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009346917.013
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Index
  • Małgorzata Kowalczyk
  • Book: Borrowings in Informal American English
  • Online publication: 31 August 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009346917.013
Available formats
×