Reciprocity beliefs represent a challenge for researchers. Chapter 4 found a puzzling and robust correlation between reciprocity beliefs, on the one hand, and liberal–authoritarian values (LAVs), on the other. Chapter 10 argues that, underpinning the correlation between reciprocity beliefs and LAVs, it is hypothesized, is a disagreement over how to best respond to social dilemmas. People with more authoritarian response patterns to LAV items have a preference for maximizing cooperation by minimizing instances in which people who free ride on the collective effort unfairly walk away unpunished. People with more liberal values have a preference for minimizing instances in which people are unfairly punished despite being cooperators. In a discursive context, rich are more concerned about moral hazard, welfare abuse, and opportunistic behavior; people with more authoritarian response patterns will be more likely to incorporate such claims into their own basket of fairness considerations; and people with more liberal response patterns will be more likely to resist them. Chapter 10 provides evidence in support of this argument.