from Part I - 1200–1450
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 December 2025
This chapter explores the origins and early development of the sonnet, from its invention in Sicily at the court of Frederick II and across its evolution among the Tuscan poets up to the late-Duecento stilnovo. Far from being ‘closed’ or monadic, sonnets often appeared in dialogic exchanges (tenzoni) between multiple authors. Focusing on the theme of love, the chapter explores how sonnets were used between the 1220s and 1290s to explore philosophical, moralistic and affective aspects of a dominant medieval literary theme, in poems by Giacomo da Lentini, Guittone d’Arezzo, Guido Cavalcanti and Dante Alighieri, and their various poetic correspondents. Close readings demonstrate how sonnets could be used to showcase rhetorical ability across a range of styles and registers, asserting authorial individuality via formal as well as thematic means, and generating either closed or dialogic meanings in different material and textual contexts.
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, MS Laurenziano Rediano 9
Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, MS Banco Rari 217 (formerly Palatino 418)
Madrid, Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de El Escorial, MS e-III-23
Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Vaticano Latino 3793
Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Vaticano Barberiniano Latino 3953
Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, MS Laurenziano Rediano 9
Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, MS Banco Rari 217 (formerly Palatino 418)
Madrid, Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de El Escorial, MS e-III-23
Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Vaticano Latino 3793
Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Vaticano Barberiniano Latino 3953
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