Neither MacArthur nor Yamashita wanted to fight over Manila, but the Japanese naval commander in the city, Rear Admiral Sanji Iwabuchi, decided to fortify the inner city and order his forces to fight to the death. The Battle of Manila was the largest urban battle of the Pacific War involving US forces. The 37th Infantry Division, 1st Cavalry Division, and 11th Airborne Division had not to this point in the war engaged in urban combat, but the American forces adapted their tactics, techniques, and procedures quickly to the urban jungle. Undisciplined Japanese soldiers committed atrocities that killed thousands of Filipinos. While the battle in Manila raged, the 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment parachuted onto Corregidor and, in conjunction with other forces, retook the island. Manila was ruined by the fighting, with 11,000 buildings and bridges destroyed or badly damaged. Cultural landmarks such as churches and cathedrals, as well as the centuries-old walled city of Intramuros, were heavily damaged or reduced to rubble. Of greatest import for US forces, the port and industrial areas had been demolished by the Japanese and would have to be reconstructed to make them usable.