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6 - Slavery in the Modern World

from Part II - Religion and Contemporary Slavery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2025

Kevin Bales
Affiliation:
University of Nottingham
Michael Rota
Affiliation:
University of St. Thomas
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Summary

In this chapter, we provide context for Part II’s examination of religion and contemporary slavery, by sketching the evolution of slavery and the development of antislavery efforts from after the American Civil War until the late twentieth century. We discuss the antislavery movement focused on the Belgian Congo around the turn of the twentieth century, the League of Nations 1926 Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery, the persistence of slavery in various European colonies, and the use of state-organized slave labor by Axis powers during World War II.

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