Where Three Oceans Meet

doi:10.1017/9781108235792.014

Chapter 13 - Where Three Oceans Meet

State of the Art and Developments in Southern African Coastal Marine Biology*

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 September 2019

Christopher D. McQuaid and

Edited by

Louise B. Firth and

Stephen J. Hawkins: Affiliation:
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth
Katrin Bohn: Affiliation:
Natural England
Louise B. Firth: Affiliation:
University of Plymouth
Gray A. Williams: Affiliation:
The University of Hong Kong

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Summary

Three broad contributions have recently emerged from South African marine biology. First, even strong environmental and biological effects like upwelling are context dependent, nested in biogeography and differ from fine to coarse taxonomic scales. This can lead to small-scale spatial predictability in grazing effects. While top-down control, including fishing, is critical in shallow subtidal systems, the intertidal exhibits stronger bottom-up regulation. Second, phylogeographic patterns can be strong, without coinciding with biogeographic boundaries. This is important because intra-specific genetic lineages can show critical differences in behaviour and physiology, making species responses to environmental change and biological interactions variable at the population level. Third, many non-indigenous species have come to light. Few have become invasive, but they can have dramatic effects, positive and negative. Their simple distributional patterns emerge from complex interactions of many variables, making predicting species distributions under climate change difficult.

Keywords

rocky shore sandy beach kelp forest South Africa invasive species phylogeography biogeography scale-dependent variability marine ecology

Information

Type: Chapter
Information: Interactions in the Marine Benthos
Global Patterns and Processes
, pp. 333 - 359

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108235792.014 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2019

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