Kenneth Stampp, ed. Records of the Ante-Bellum Southern Plantations from the Revolution through the Civil War, University Publications of America microfilm.Google Scholar

Adams, Charles F., Richard Henry Dana. A Biography. 2 Vols. Houghton Mifflin, 1890.Google Scholar

Anbinder, Tyler, Nativism and Slavery. The Northern Know Nothings and the Politics of the 1850s. Oxford University Press, 1992.Google Scholar

Anderson, William J., Life and Narrative of William J. Anderson. Twenty Four Years a Slave; Sold Eight Times! In Jail Sixty Times!! Whipped Three Hundred Times!!! Or the Dark Days of American Slavery Revealed. Daily Tribune Book, 1857Google Scholar

Anderson, William W., Jamaica and the Americas. Stanford and Swords, 1851.Google Scholar

Anderson, William W., A Description of the History of the Island of Jamaica. George Henderson, 1851.Google Scholar

Anonymous, Life of the Notorious Kidnapper George F. Alberti by a Member of the Philadelphia Bar. n.p., 1851.Google Scholar

Baker, H. Robert, The Rescue of Joshua Glover. A Fugitive Slave, the Constitution and the Coming of the Civil War. Ohio University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Barry, Kathleen, Susan B. Anthony. A Biography of a Singular Feminist. New York University Press, 1988.Google Scholar

Bearse, Austin, Reminiscences of Fugitive-Slave Days in Boston. Warren Richardson, 1880.Google Scholar

Berlin, Ira, Slaves Without Masters. The Free Negro in the Antebellum South. Pantheon, 1974.Google Scholar

Biddle, Daniel R. & Dubin, Murray, Tasting Freedom. Octavius Catto and the Battle for Equality in Civil War America. Temple University Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Bigelow, John, Jamaica in 1850 or, the Effects of Sixteen Years of Freedom on a Slave Colony. 1851, rpr., University of Illinois Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Billington, Ray A., ed., The Journal of Charlotte L. Forten: A Free Negro. Norton, 1953.Google Scholar

Bingham, Darrell, We Ask Only a Fair Trial. A History of the Black Community of Evansville, Indiana. Indiana University Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Bingham, Darrell, On Jordan’s Banks. Emancipation and Its Aftermath in the Ohio River Valley. Kentucky University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Blackett, R. J. M., Beating Against the Barriers. Biographical Essays in Nineteenth-Century Afro-American History. Louisiana State University Press, 1986.Google Scholar

Blackett, R. J. M., Making Freedom. The Underground Railroad and the Politics of Slavery. University of North Carolina Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Blassingame, John, Slave Testimony: Two Centuries of Letters, Speeches, Interviews, and Autobiographies. Louisiana State University Press, 1977.Google Scholar

Blassingame, John, ed., Frederick Douglass Papers, Series 1, Vol. 2, 1847–54. Yale University Press, 1982.Google Scholar

Blockson, Charles, The Underground Railroad in Pennsylvania. Flame International, 1981.Google Scholar

Blue, Frederick J., Salmon P. Chase. A Life in Politics. Kent State University Press, 1987.Google Scholar

Blue, Frederick J., No Taint of Compromise. Crusaders in Antislavery Politics. Louisiana State University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Bogger, Tommy, Free Blacks in Norfolk, Virginia, 1790–1860: The Darker Side of Freedom. University of Virginia Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Bordewich, Fergus M., Bound for Canaan. The Underground Railroad and the War for the Soul of America. Amistad, 2005.Google Scholar

Bordewich, Fergus M., America’s Great Debate. Henry Clay, Stephen A. Douglas and the Compromise that Saved the Union. Simon & Schuster, 2012.Google Scholar

Bowditch, Vincent Y., Life and Correspondence of Henry Ingersoll Bowditch. 2 Vols. Houghton Mifflin, 1902.Google Scholar

Brackett, Jeffrey R., The Negro in Maryland. A Study of the Institution of Slavery. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1889.Google Scholar

Brandt, Nat, The Town that Started the Civil War. Syracuse University Press, 1990.Google Scholar

Brandt, Nat & Kroyt, Brandt Y., In the Shadow of the Civil War. Passmore Williamson and the Rescue of Jane Johnson. University of South Carolina Press, 2007.Google Scholar

Brown, Hallie Q., Tales My Father Told and Other Stories. Eckerle Printing Co., n.d.Google Scholar

Browne, Peter A., A review of the Trial, Conviction, and Sentence of George A. Alberti for Kidnapping. n.p., 1851.Google Scholar

Bruce, H. C., The New Man. Twenty-nine Years a Slave, Twenty-nine Years a Free Man. 1895, rpr., Negro University Press, 1969.Google Scholar

Buchanan, Thomas C., Black Life on the Mississippi. Slaves, Free Blacks, and the Western Steamboat World. University of North Carolina Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Burin, Eric, Slavery and the Peculiar Solution. A History of the American Colonization Society. University of Florida Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Butler, M. B., My Story of the Civil War and the Underground Railroad. United Brethren, 1914.Google Scholar

Calarco, Tom, The Underground Railroad in the Adirondack Region. McFarland, 2004.Google Scholar

Campbell, James M., Slavery on Trial. Race, Class, and Criminal Justice in Antebellum Richmond, Virginia. University of Florida Press, 2007.Google Scholar

Campbell, Penelope, Maryland in Africa. The Maryland State Colonization Society 1831–1857. University of Illinois Press, 1971.Google Scholar

Campbell, Stanley W., The Slave Catchers. Enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law, 1850–1860. University of North Carolina Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Carmony, Don, Indiana 1816–1850. The Pioneer Era. Indiana Historical Society, 1998.Google Scholar

Cecelski, David S., Waterman’s Song. Slavery and Freedom in Maritime North Carolina. University of North Carolina Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Cheek, William & Cheek, Aimee L., John Mercer Langston and the Fight for Black Freedom, 1829–1865. University of Illinois Press, 1989.Google Scholar

Christianson, Scott, Freeing Charles. The Struggle to Free a Slave on the Eve of the Civil War. University of Illinois Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Clamorgan, Cyprian, The Colored Aristocracy of St. Louis. (Edited with an Introduction by Winch, Julie) University of Missouri Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Clavin, Matthew J., Aiming for Pensacola. Fugitive Slaves on the Atlantic and Southern Frontiers. Harvard University Press, 2015.Google Scholar

Clayton, Ralph, Cash for Blood: the Baltimore to New Orleans Domestic Slave Trade. Heritage Books, 2002.Google Scholar

Cochrane, William C., Western Reserve and the Fugitive Slave Law: A Prelude to the Civil War. De Capo Press, 1972.Google Scholar

Cockrum, William M., History of the Underground Railroad As It Was Conducted by the Anti-Slavery League. 1915, rpr., Heritage Books, 1991.Google Scholar

Coffin, Levi, Reminiscence of Levi Coffin. Arno Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Cohen, Anthony, The Underground Railroad in Montgomery County, Maryland. A History and Driving Guide. Montgomery Co. Historical Society, 1997.Google Scholar

Coleman, Chapman, The Life of John J. Crittenden with Selections from His Correspondence and Speeches. 2 Vols. J. P. Lippincott, 1871.Google Scholar

Coleman, John F., The Disruption of the Pennsylvania Democracy 1848–1860. The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1975.Google Scholar

Coleman, J. Winston, Jr., Slavery Times in Kentucky. Johnson Reprint Co., 1970.Google Scholar

Collison, Gary, Shadrach Milkins. From Fugitive Slave to Citizen. Harvard University Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Commager, Henry S., Theodore Parker: Yankee Crusader. Beacon Press, 1960.Google Scholar

Conway, Moncure D., Autobiography. Memories and Experiences. 2 Vols. Houghton Mifflin, 1904.Google Scholar

Cooper, William J., Jr., The South and the Politics of Slavery 1828–1856. Louisiana State University Press: 1978.Google Scholar

Cover, Robert M., Justice Accused: Antislavery and the Judicial Process. Yale University Press, 1975.Google Scholar

Craft, William, Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom. The Escape of William and Ellen Craft. William Tweedie, 1861.Google Scholar

Curtis, Benjamin R., ed., A Memoir of Benjamin Robbins Curtis LL.D. 2 Vols. Little Brown, 1879.Google Scholar

Davis, David B., The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Emancipation. Knopf, 2014.Google Scholar

Delany, Martin R., The Condition, Elevation, Emigration and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States. 1852, rpr., Ayer Co., 1988.Google Scholar

Dew, Charles B., Apostles of Disunion. Southern Secession Commissioners and the Causes of the Civil War. University of Virginia Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Deyle, Steven, Carry Me Back. The Domestic Slave Trade In American Life. Oxford University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Diggins, Milt, Stealing Freedom along the Mason-Dixon Line. Thomas McCreary, the Notorious Slave Catcher from Maryland. Maryland Historical Society, 2015.Google Scholar

Donald, David, The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861. Harper & Row, 1976.Google Scholar

Douglass, Frederick, The Life and Times of Frederick Douglass. 1892, rpr., Collier Books, 1962.Google Scholar

Drew, Benjamin, North Side View of Slavery. The Refuge of the Narrative of Fugitive Slaves in Canada Related by Themselves. 1856, rpr., Negro University Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Dusinberre, William, Civil War Issues in Philadelphia 1856–1865. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1965.Google Scholar

Essah, Patience, A House Divided. Slavery and Emancipation in Delaware 1638–1865. University of Virginia. Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Edelstein, Tilden G., Strange Enthusiasm: A Life of Thomas Wentworth Higginson. Yale University Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Etcheson, Nicole, The Emerging Midwest. Upland Southerners and the Political Culture of the Old Northwest, 1787–1861. Indiana University Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Etcheson, Nicole, A Generation at War: the Civil War Era in a Northern Community. University Press of Kansas, 2011.Google Scholar

Fairbank, Rev. Calvin, Rev. Calvin Fairbank During Slavery Times: How He “Fought The Good Fight” To Prepare “The Way.” Negro Universities Press, 1969.Google Scholar

Faulkner, Carol, Lucretia Mott’s Heresy. Abolition and Women’s Rights in Nineteenth-Century America. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.Google Scholar

Fehrenbacher, Don E., The Slaveholding Republic, An Account of the United States Government’s Relations to Slavery. Oxford University Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Fields, Barbara J., Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground. Maryland During the Nineteenth Century. Yale University Press, 1985.Google Scholar

Finkelman, Paul, An Imperfect Union. Slavery, Federalism, and Comity. University of North Carolina Press, 1981.Google Scholar

Finkelman, Paul, Millard Fillmore. Times Books, 2011.Google Scholar

Fladeland, Betty, James Gillespie Birney: Slaveholder to Abolitionist. Cornell University Press, 1955.Google Scholar

Foner, Eric, Gateway to Freedom. The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad. W. W. Norton, 2014.Google Scholar

Foner, Philip S., Business and Slavery. The New York Merchants and the Irresistible Conflict. North Carolina University Press, 1941.Google Scholar

Foner, Philip S., Essays in Afro-American History. Temple University Press, 1978.Google Scholar

Foner, Philip S. & Walker, George E., eds., Proceedings of the Black State Conventions, 1840–1865. 2 Vols. Temple University Press, 1979.Google Scholar

Frazier, Harriet C., Runaway and Freed Missouri Slaves and Those Who Helped Them. McFarland, 2004.Google Scholar

Franklin, John H. & Schweninger, Loren, Runaway Slaves. Rebels on the Plantation. Oxford University Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Foner, Philip S., In Search of the Promised Land. A Slave Family in the Old South. Oxford University Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Freehling, William W., The Road to Disunion. Secessionists at Bay, 1776–1854. Oxford University Press, 1990.Google Scholar

Frost, Karolyn S., I’ve Got a Home in Glory Land. A Lost Tale of the Underground Railroad. Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2007.Google Scholar

Gara, Larry, The Liberty Line: The Legend of the Underground Railroad. University of Kentucky Press, 1961.Google Scholar

Gibson, W. H., Sr., History of the United Brothers of Friendship and Sisters of the Mysterious Ten in Two Parts: A Negro Order. Bradley and Gilbert, 1897.Google Scholar

Goldman, Mark, High Hopes. The Rise and Decline of Buffalo, New York. SUNY Press, 1983.Google Scholar

Griffler, Keith P., Front Line of Freedom. African Americans and the Forging of the Underground Railroad in the Ohio Valley. University of Kentucky Press, 2004.Google Scholar

Grover, Kathryn, The Fugitive’s Gibraltar: Escaping Slaves and Abolitionism in New Bedford, Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Gura Philip, F., American Transcendentalism. A History. Hill & Wang, 2007.Google Scholar

Guy, Anita A., Maryland’s Persistent Pursuit to End Slavery, 1850–1864. Garland, 1997.Google Scholar

Guyatt, Nicholas, Bind Us Apart. How Enlightenment Americans Invented Racial Separation. Basic Books, 2016.Google Scholar

Hagedorn, Ann, Beyond the River. The Untold Story of the Heroes of the Underground Railroad. Simon & Schuster, 2002.Google Scholar

Hamm, Thomas D., God’s Government Begun. The Society for Universal Inquiry and Reform, 1842–1846. Indiana University Press, 1995.Google Scholar

Harrison, Benjamin S., Fortune Favors the Brave. The Life of Horace Bell, Pioneer Californian. Ward Ritchie Press, 1953.Google Scholar

Harrison, Lowell H., The Antislavery Movement in Kentucky. University of Kentucky Press, 1978.Google Scholar

Harrold, Stanley, Border Wars. Fighting Against Slavery before the Civil War. University of North Carolina Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Harrold, Stanley, Subversives. Antislavery Community in Washington D.C., 1828–1865. Louisiana State University Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Haviland, Laura S., A Woman’s Life Work: Including Thirty Years of Service on the Underground Railroad and In the War. S. B. Shaw, 1881.Google Scholar

Henson, Josiah, The Life of Josiah Henson, Formerly a Slave, Now an Inhabitant of Canada as Narrated by Himself, in Taylor, Yuval, I was Born a Slave. An Anthology of Classic Slave Narratives, Vol. 1, 1772–1849. Lawrence Hill Books, 1999.Google Scholar

Hensel, W. U., The Christiana Riot and the Treason Trials of 1851: An Historical Sketch. New Era Printing, 1911.Google Scholar

Hesslink, George K., Black Neighbors: Negroes in a Northern Rural Community. Bobbs-Merrill, 1968.Google Scholar

Heuman, Gad, Between Black and White. Race, Politics, and the Free Coloreds in Jamaica, 1792–1865. Greenwood, 1981.Google Scholar

Higginson, Thomas W., Cheerful Yesterdays. 1898, rpr., Arno Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Hinton, Richard, John Brown and His Men. Funk & Wagnalls, 1894.Google Scholar

Hise, Daniel H., Selections from the Diary of Daniel Howell Hise: 1813–1878. Weingart, 1967.Google Scholar

Hoar, George F., Autobiography of Seventy Years. 2 Vols. Charles Scribner, 1903.Google Scholar

Hodge, Graham Russell Goa, David Ruggles. A Radical Black Abolitionist and the Underground Railroad in New York City. University of North Carolina Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Holt, Michael F., The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party. Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War. Oxford University Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Horton, James O. & Horton, Lois E., Black Bostonian’s Family Life and Community Struggle in the Antebellum North. Holmes & Meier, 1979.Google Scholar

Horwitz, Tony, Midnight Rising. John Brown and the Raid that Sparked the Civil War. Henry Holt, 2011.Google Scholar

Howard, Victor B., The Evangelical War against Slavery and Caste: The Life and Times of John G. Fee. Associated University Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Hudson, J. Blaine, Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad in the Kentucky Borderland. McFarland, 2002.Google Scholar

Hudson, James L., Stephen A. Douglas and the Dilemma of Democratic Equality. Rowan & Littlefield, 2007.Google Scholar

Humez, Jean M., Harriet Tubman. The Line and the Life Stories. University of Wisconsin Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Hunter, Carol M., To Set the Captives Free: Reverend Jermain Wesley Loguen and the Struggle for Freedom in Central New York 1835–1872. Garland, 1993.Google Scholar

Hurt, R. Douglas, Agriculture and Slavery in Missouri’s Little Dixie. University of Missouri Press, 1992.Google Scholar

Jacobs, Curtis W., The Free Negro Question. John W. Woods, 1859.Google Scholar

Jacobs, Curtis W., Speech of Col. Curtis W. Jacobs on the Free Colored Population of Maryland Delivered in the House of Delegates on the 17th of February, 1860. Elihu S. Riley, 1860.Google Scholar

Jacobs, Harriet A., Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Harvard University Press, 1861.Google Scholar

Jennings, Thelma, The Nashville Convention: Southern Movement for Unity, 1848–1851. Memphis State University Press, 1980.Google Scholar

Kantrowitz, Stephen, More than Freedom. Fighting for Black Citizenship in a White Republic, 1829–1889. Penguin, 2012.Google Scholar

Kashatus, William C., Just Over the Line: Chester County and the Underground Railroad. Penn State University Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Katz, Jonathan, Resistance at Christiana. The Fugitive Slave Rebellion, Christiana, Pennsylvania, September 11, 1851. A Documentary Account. Thomas Y. Crowell, 1974.Google Scholar

Langston, John, From the Virginia Plantation to the National Capitol. 1884, rpr., Arno Press, 1969.Google Scholar

LaRoche, Cheryl J., The Geography of Resistance. Free Black Communities and the Underground Railroad. University of Illinois Press, 2014.Google Scholar

Larson, Kate C., Bound for the Promised Land: Harriet Tubman, Portrait of an American Hero. Ballantine Books, 2004.Google Scholar

Link, William A., Roots of Secession. Slavery and Politics in Antebellum Virginia. University of North Carolina Press, 2003.Google Scholar

Lipin, Lawrence M., Producers, Proletarians, and Politicians. Workers and Party Politics in Evansville and New Albany, Indiana, 1850–87. University of Illinois Press, 1994.Google Scholar

Loguen, J. W., The Reverend J. W. Loguen as a Slave and as a Freeman: A Narrative of a Real Life. 1859, rpr., Syracuse University Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Lubet, Steven, Fugitive Justice. Runaways, Rescuers, and Slavery on Trial. Harvard University Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Lucas, Marion B., A History of Blacks in Kentucky, Volume 1: From Slavery to Segregation, 1760–1891. Kentucky Historical Society, 1992.Google Scholar

Mabee, Carleton, Black Freedom. The Nonviolent Abolitionists from 1830 through the Civil War. Macmillan, 1970.Google Scholar

Maddox, Lucy, The Parker Sisters. A Border Kidnapping. Temple University Press, 2016.Google Scholar

Madison, James H., Hoosiers. A New History of Indiana. Indiana University Press, 2014.Google Scholar

Maltz, Earl M., Fugitive Slave on Trial. The Anthony Burns Case and Abolitionist Outrage. University of Kansas Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Mann, Charles W., The Chicago Common Council and the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850. Chicago Historical Society, 1903.Google Scholar

May, Samuel J., Some Recollections of Our Antislavery Conflict. Arno Press, 1968.Google Scholar

McDougall, Marion G., Fugitive Slaves, 1619–1865. Ginn & Co., 1891.Google Scholar

McGowan, James A., Station Master on the Underground Railroad. The Life and Letters of Thomas Garrett. McFarland & Co., 2005.Google Scholar

McCaskill, Barbara, Liberation, and Escaping Slavery. William and Ellen Craft in Cultural Memory. University of Georgia Press, 2015.Google Scholar

McKim, J. Miller, The Arrest, Trial, and Release of Daniel Webster, Fugitive Slave. n.p., 1859.Google Scholar

McPherson, James M., Ordeal by Fire. The Civil War and Reconstruction. McGraw Hill, 1982.Google Scholar

Mealy, Todd, Biography of an Antislavery City: Antislavery Advocates, Abolitionists, and Underground Railroad Activities in Harrisburg, Pa. Publish America, 2007.Google Scholar

Middleton, Stephen, The Black Laws. Race and the Legal Process in Early Ohio. Ohio University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Miller, Floyd J., The Search for a Black Nationality. Black Colonization and Emigration, 1787–1863. University of Illinois Press, 1975.Google Scholar

Mingus, Scott, The Ground Swallowed Them Up. Slavery and the Underground Railroad in York County, Pa. York County Historical Center, 2016.Google Scholar

Mitchell, Rev. W. M., The Under-Ground Railroad. Tweedie, 1860.Google Scholar

Morris, J. Brent, Oberlin. Hotbed of Abolitionism. College, Community, and the Fight for Freedom and Equality in Antebellum America. University of North Carolina Press, 2014.Google Scholar

Morris, Thomas D., Free Men All. The Personal Liberty Laws of the North, 1780–1861. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974.Google Scholar

Moses, Wilson, ed., Liberian Dreams. Back-to-Africa Narratives of the 1850s. Penn State University Press, 1998.Google Scholar

Murphy, Angela F., The Jerry Rescue: The Fugitive Slave Law, Northern Rights, and the American Sectional Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar

Nevins, Allan, Ordeal of the Union. Fruits of Manifest Destiny, 1847–1852. Scribner, 1947.Google Scholar

Nivens, John, et al., The Salmon P. Chase Papers, Vol. 1, Journals, 1829–1872. Kent State University Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Northup, Solomon, Twelve Years a Slave. 1853, rpr., Louisiana State University Press, 1968.Google Scholar

Papson, Don & Calarco, Tom, Secrets of the Underground Railroad in New York City. Sydney Howard Gay, Louis Napoleon and the Record of the Fugitives. McFarland, 2015.Google Scholar

Pease, Jane H. & Pease, William H., They Who Would Be Free: Blacks’ Search for Freedom, 1830–1861. Atheneum, 1974.Google Scholar

Peskin, Alan, ed., North into Freedom: The Autobiography of John Malvin, Free Negro, 1795–1880. Western Reserve University, 1966.Google Scholar

Peters, Pamela R., The Underground Railroad in Floyd County, Indiana. McFarland & Company, 2001.Google Scholar

Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society. Twenty-First Annual Report. 1855.Google Scholar

Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society. Twenty-Third Annual Report. 1857.Google Scholar

Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society. Report of the Twenty-Fourth and Twenty-Fifth Years. 1859.Google Scholar

Phillips, Christopher, Freedom’s Port. The African American Community of Baltimore, 1790–1860. University of Illinois Press, 1997.Google Scholar

Pierce, Edward L., Memoir and Letters of Charles Sumner. 3 Vols. 1894, rpr., Mnemosyne, 1969.Google Scholar

Potter, David, The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861. Harper & Row, 1976.Google Scholar

Prince, Bryan, A Shadow on the Household. One Enslaved Family’s Incredible Struggle for Freedom. McClelland & Stewart, 2009.Google Scholar

Pybus, Cassandra, Epic Journey of Freedom. Runaway Slaves of the American Revolution and Their Global Quest for Liberty. Beacon Press, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Quarles, Benjamin, Frederick Douglass. 1948, rpr., Prentice Hall, 1968.Google Scholar

Quarles, Benjamin, Black Abolitionists. Oxford University Press, 1969.Google Scholar

Ray, Florence T., Sketch of the Life of Charles B. Ray. J. J. Little, 1887.Google Scholar

Rayback, Robert J., Millard Fillmore. Biography of a President. Buffalo Historical Society, 1959.Google Scholar

Reed, Christopher R., Black Chicago’s First Century. Volume 1, 1833–1900. University of Missouri Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Renehan, Edward J., Jr., The Secret Six: The True Tale of the Men Who Conspired with John Brown. Crown Publishers, 1995.Google Scholar

Reinyon, Randolph P., Delia Webster and the Under-Ground Railroad. University of Kentucky Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Ricks, Mary K., Escape of the Pearl. The Heroic Bid for Freedom on the Underground Railroad. William Morrow, 2007.Google Scholar

Riddleberger, Patrick W., George Washington Julian, Radical Reformer. Indiana Historical Bureau, 1966.Google Scholar

Robbins, Coy D., Reclaiming African Heritage at Salem, Indiana. Heritage Books, 1995.Google Scholar

Robertson, Stacey, Hearts Beating for Liberty: Women Abolitionists in the Old Northwest. University of North Carolina Press, 2010.Google Scholar

Ross, Alexander M., Recollections and Experiences of An Abolitionist, from 1855 to 1865. 1875, rpr., Metro Books, 1972.Google Scholar

Ruggles, Jeffrey, The Unboxing of Henry Brown. The Library of Virginia, 2003.Google Scholar

Salafia, Matthew, Slavery’s Borderland. Freedom and Bondage along the Ohio River. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Sanborn, F. B., ed., The Life and Letters of John Brown. 1885.Google Scholar

Schwarz, Philip J., Slave Laws in Virginia. University of Georgia Press, 1996.Google Scholar

Sernett, Milton C., North Star Country: Upstate New York and the Crusade for African American Freedom. Syracuse University Press, 2002.Google Scholar

Sharfstein, Daniel J., The Invisible Line: Three American Families and the Secret Journey from Black to White. Penguin, 2011.Google Scholar

Shapiro, Samuel, Richard Henry Dana, Jr., 1815–1882. Michigan State University Press, 1961.Google Scholar

Siebert, Wilbur H., The Underground Railroad From Slavery to Freedom. 1898, rpr., Dover Publications, 1968.Google Scholar

Siebert, Wilbur H., The Underground Railroad in Massachusetts. American Antiquarian Society, 1936.Google Scholar

Siebert, Wilbur H., Vermont’s Anti-Slavery and Underground Railroad. Spahr & Glenn, 1937.Google Scholar

Siebert, Wilbur H., The Mysteries of Ohio’s Underground Railroads. Long’s College Book Co., 1951.Google Scholar

Slaughter, Thomas P., Bloody Dawn: The Christiana Riot and Racial Violence in the Antebellum North. Oxford University Press, 1991.Google Scholar

Smedly, R. C., M.D., History of the Underground Railroad in Chester and Neighboring Counties of Pennsylvania. Arno Press, 1969.Google Scholar

Smith, David W., On the Edge of Freedom. The Fugitive Slave Issue in South Central Pennsylvania, 1820–1870. Fordham University Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Sprague, Stuart S., ed., The Autobiography of John P. Parker, Former Slave and Conductor of the Underground Railroad. Norton, 1996.Google Scholar

Staudenraus, P. J., The American Colonization Movement 1816–1865. Octagon, 1980.Google Scholar

Sterling, Dorothy, The Making of an Afro-American. Martin Roberson Delany, 1812–1885. DeCapo, 1971.Google Scholar

Stewart, James B., Wendell Phillips. Liberty’s Hero. Louisiana State University Press, 1986.Google Scholar

Still, William, The Underground Railroad. 1872, rpr., Johnson Publishing, 1970.Google Scholar

Strother, Horatio T., The Underground Railroad in Connecticut. Wesleyan University Press, 1962.Google Scholar

Stuckey, Sterling, The Ideological Origins of Black Nationalism. Beacon Press, 1972.Google Scholar

Switala, William J., Underground Railroad in Delaware, Maryland, and West Virginia. Stackpole Books, 2004.Google Scholar

Taylor, Henry L., Jr., ed., Race and the City: Work, Community, and Protest in Cincinnati, 1820–1970. University of Illinois Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Taylor, Nikki M., Frontiers of Freedom: Cincinnati’s Black Community, 1802–1868. Ohio University Press, 2005.Google Scholar

Taylor, Nikki M., America’s First Black Socialist. The Radical Life of Peter H. Clark. University of Kentucky Press, 2013.Google Scholar

Taylor, Nikki M., Driven Toward Madness. The Fugitive Slave Margaret Garner and the Tragedy on the Ohio. Ohio University Press, 2016.Google Scholar

Thornbrough, Emma L., The Negro in Indiana. A Study of a Minority. Indiana Historical Bureau, 1957.Google Scholar

Thornbrough, Gayle, et al., eds., The Diary of Calvin Fletcher. Indiana Historical Society, 1977.Google Scholar

Tregillis, Helen F., River Roads to Freedom. Fugitive Slave Notices and Sheriff Notices Found in Illinois Sources. Heritage Books, 1988.Google Scholar

Trotter, Joe W., Jr., River Jordan: African American Urban Life in the Ohio Valley. University of Kentucky Press, 1998.Google Scholar

Turner, Glennette T., The Underground Railroad in Illinois. Newman Educational Publishing, 2001.Google Scholar

Tyler-McGraw, Marie, An African Republic. Black and White Virginians in the Making of Liberia. University of North Carolina Press, 2007.Google Scholar

Tyler-McGraw, Marie & Kimball, Gregg D., In Bondage and Freedom. Antebellum Black Life in Richmond, Virginia. Valentine Museum, 1998.Google Scholar

Ullman, Victor, Martin R. Delany. The Beginnings of Black Nationalism. Beacon Press, 1971.Google Scholar

Vincent, Stephen A., Southern Seed, Northern Soil. African-American Farm Communities in the Midwest, 1765–1900. Indiana University Press, 1999.Google Scholar

Von Frank, Albert J., The Trials of Anthony Burns. Freedom and Slavery in Emerson’s Boston. Harvard University Press, 1998.Google Scholar

Walther, Eric H., The Fire-Eaters. Louisiana State University Press, 1992.Google Scholar

Walther, Eric H., William Lowndes Yancey and the Coming of the Civil War. University of North Carolina Press, 2006.Google Scholar

Waugh, John C., On the Brink of Civil War. The Compromise of 1850 and How It Changed the Course of American History. Scholarly Resources Books, 2003.Google Scholar

Webster, Daniel, The Writings and Speeches of Daniel Webster. 18 Vols. Little Brown, 1903.Google Scholar

Weisenburger, Steven, Modern Medea. A Family Story of Slavery and Child-Murder from the Old South. Hill & Wang, 1998.Google Scholar

Weiss, John, Life and Correspondence of Theodore Parker. 2 Vols. D. Appleton, 1863.Google Scholar

Wellman, Judith, et al., Uncovering the Freedom Trail in Auburn and Cayuga County, New York. Historical New York Research Associates, 2005.Google Scholar

Whitman, T. Stephen, Challenging Slavery in the Chesapeake. Black and White Resistance to Human Bondage, 1775–1865. Maryland Historical Society, 2007.Google Scholar

Williams, William H., Slavery and Freedom in Delaware 1639–1865. Scholarly Books, 1996.Google Scholar

Wilson, Clyde N. & Cook, Shirley B., The Papers of John C. Calhoun, 28 Vols. South Carolina University Press, 2001.Google Scholar

Wilson, Carol, Freedom at Risk: The Kidnapping of Free Blacks in America, 1780–1865, University of Kentucky Press, 1994.Google Scholar

Wiltse, Charles M., & Birkner, Michael J., eds., The Papers of Daniel Webster. University Press of New England, 1988.Google Scholar

Yacavone, Donald, Samuel Joseph May and the Dilemmas of the Liberal Persuasion, 1797–1871. Temple University Press, 1991.Google Scholar

“A Typical Colonization Convention.” Journal of Negro History 1, no. 3 (July 1916): 318–38.Google Scholar

Anthrop, Mary E. “The Road Less Travelled. Hoosier African Americans and Liberia.” Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History 19, no.1 (Winter 2007): 12–21.Google Scholar

Atherton, Lewis E. “Daniel Howell Hise, Abolitionist and Reformer.” The Mississippi Historical Review XXVI, no.3 (December 1939): 343–58.Google Scholar

Bacon, Margaret H. “‘One Great Bundle of Humanity’: Frances Watkins Harper (1825–1911).” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 113, no. 1 (January 1989): 21–43.Google Scholar

Bailey, William S. “The Underground Railroad in Southern Chautauqua County.” New York History XVI, no.1 (January 1935): 53–63.Google Scholar

Bartlett, Irving H. “Abolitionists, Fugitives, and Imposters in Boston, 1846–1847.” The New England Quarterly 55, no. 1 (March 1982): 97–109.Google Scholar

Beeler, Dale. “The Election of 1852 in Indiana.” Indiana Magazine of History XI, no.4 (December 1915) 301–23 (Continued XII, no. 1 (March 1916): 34–52.Google Scholar

Bellamy, Donnie D. “Free Blacks in Antebellum Missouri, 1820–1860.” Missouri Historical Review LXVII, no.2 (January 1973): 198–226.Google Scholar

Bellamy, Donnie D. “The Persistency of Colonization in Missouri.” Missouri Historical Review LXXII, no.1 (October 1977): 1–24.Google Scholar

Borome, Joseph A. “The Vigilant Committee of Philadelphia.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 92 (July 1968): 320–51.Google Scholar

BrinderJr., Elwood L. “The Fugitive Slaves of Maryland.” Maryland Historical Magazine 66, no.1 (Spring 1971): 33–50.Google Scholar

Brown, Ira V. “Miller McKim and Pennsylvania Abolitionism.” Pennsylvania History 30 (January 1963): 56–72.Google Scholar

Brubaker, M. G. “The Underground Railroad.” Lancaster County Historical Journal 15, no.4 (April 1911): 95–119.Google Scholar

Bruns, Roger & Fraley, William. “‘Old Gunny’: Abolitionist in a Slave City.” Maryland Historical Magazine 100, no.3 (Fall 2005): 315–25.Google Scholar

Campbell, Penelope. “Some Notes on Frederick Country’s Participation in the Maryland Colonization Scheme.” Maryland Historical Magazine 66, no.1 (Spring 1971): 51–59.Google Scholar

Cecelski, David S. “The Shores of Freedom: The Maritime Underground Railroad in North Carolina, 1800–1861,” North Carolina Historical Review 71, no.2 (April 1994): 175–206.Google Scholar

Christy, Sarah R. “Fugitive Slaves in Indiana County.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 18, no.4 (December 1935): 278–88.Google Scholar

Clark, T. D. “The Slave Trade Between Kentucky and the Cotton Kingdom.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 21, no.3 (December 1934): 331–42.Google Scholar

Coleman, J. Winston Jr. “Delia Webster and Calvin Fairbank Underground Railroad Agents.” Felson Club Historical Quarterly 17, no.3 (July 1943): 129–42.Google Scholar

Collison, Gary. “The Boston Vigilance Committee: A Reconsideration.” Historical Journal of Massachusetts 12 (June 1984): 104–16.Google Scholar

Collison, Gary. “‘This Flagitious Offense’: Daniel Webster and the Shadrach Rescue, 1851–1852.” New England Quarterly 68, no.4 (December 1995): 609–25.Google Scholar

Cooley, Vera. “Illinois and the Underground Railroad to Canada.” Transactions of the Illinois State Historical Society For the Year 1917, 76–98.Google Scholar

Cord, Xenia E. “Black Rural Settlements in Indiana before 1860,” in Gibbs, Wilma L., ed., Indiana’s African American Heritage. Essays from Black History News and Notes. Indiana Historical Society,1993, 99–110.Google Scholar

Crenshaw, Gwen J. “Brother John Freeman’s Homecoming Celebration: The Black Reaction to the Freeman Case and the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.” Black History News and Notes 91 (February 2003): 5–8.Google Scholar

Davis, David B. “Reconsidering the Colonization Movement: Leonard Bacon and the Problem of Evil.” Intellectual Historical Newsletter 14 (1992): 151–78.Google Scholar

Debian, Marty. “One More River to Cross. The Crosswhites’ Escape from Slavery” in Frost, Karolyn S. & Tucker, Veta S., eds., A Fluid Frontier. Slavery, Resistance, and the Underground Railroad in the Detroit Borderland Wayne State University Press, 2016, 119–214.Google Scholar

Demos, John. “The Antislavery Movement and the Problem of Violent ‘Means.’” The New England Quarterly 37 (December 1964): 501–26.Google Scholar

Eckert, Ralph L. “Antislavery Martyrdom: The Ordeal of Passmore Williamson.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 100, no.4 (October 1976): 521–38.Google Scholar

Eggert, Gerald G. “The Impact of the Fugitive Slave Law on Harrisburg: A Case Study.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 109 (October 1985): 537–69.Google Scholar

Eggert, Gerald G. “A Pennsylvanian Visits the Richmond Slave Market.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 109, no.4 (October 1985): 572–76.Google Scholar

Eggert, Gerald G. “‘Two Steps Forward, A Step-and-a-Half Back’: Harrisburg’s African American Community in the Nineteenth Century.” Pennsylvania History 58, no.1 (January 1991): 1–36.Google Scholar

Eslinger, Ellen. “The Brief Career of Rufus W. Bailey, American Colonization Society Agent in Virginia.” Journal of Southern History LXXI, no.1 (February 2005): 39–74.Google Scholar

Eslinger, Ellen. “Freedom Without Independence: The Story of a Former Slave and Her Family.” Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 114 (2006): 262–91.Google Scholar

Feller, Dan. “A Brother in Arms: Benjamin Tappan and the Antislavery Democracy.” Journal of American History 88, no.1 (June 2001): 48–74.Google Scholar

Fellman, Michael. “Theodore Parker and the Abolitionist Role in the 1850s.” Journal of American History LXI, no.3 (December 1974): 666–84.Google Scholar

Finkelman, Paul. “The Protection of Black Rights in Seward’s New York.” Civil War History XXXIV, no.3 (September 1988): 211–34.Google Scholar

Finkelman, Paul. “The Treason Trial of Caster Hanway,” in Belknap, Michael R., ed., American Political Trials. Greenwood, 1994, 77–95.Google Scholar

Finkenbine, Roy. “A Community Militant and Organized. The Colored Vigilance Committee of Detroit,” in Frost, Karolyn S. & Tucker, Veta S., eds., A Fluid Frontier. Slavery, Resistance, and the Underground Railroad in the Detroit Borderland. Wayne State University Press, 2016, 154–64.Google Scholar

Finkenbine, Roy. “A Beacon of Liberty on the Great Lakes. Race, Slavery, and the Law in Antebellum Michigan,” in Finkelman, Paul & Hershock, Martin J., eds., The History of Michigan Law. Athens, 2006, 83–106.Google Scholar

Gara, Larry. “William Still, and the Underground Railroad.” Pennsylvania History 28, no.1 (January 1961): 33–44.Google Scholar

Gara, Larry. “The Fugitive Slave Law: A Double Paradox.” Civil War History 10, no.3 (September 1964): 229–40.Google Scholar

Gara, Larry. “The Fugitive Slave Law in the Eastern Ohio Valley.” Ohio History 72, no.2 (April 1963): 116–28.Google Scholar

Garb, Margaret. “The Political Education of John Jones: Black Politics in a Northern City, 1845–1879.” The Journal of the Historical Society VIII, no.1 (March 2008): 29–60.Google Scholar

Gliozzo, Charles A. “John Jones. A Study of a Black Chicagoan.” Illinois Historical Journal 80 (Autumn 1987): 177–88.Google Scholar

Grodzins, Dean. “‘Slave Law’ versus ‘Lynch Law’ in Boston. Benjamin Robbins Curtis, Theodore Parker, and the Fugitive Slave Crisis, 1850–1855.” Massachusetts Historical Review 12 (2010): 1–33.Google Scholar

Grossman, Lawrence. “In His Vein Coursed No Bootlicking Blood: The Career of Peter H. Clark.” Ohio History 86, no.2 (Spring 1977): 79–95.Google Scholar

Guelzo, Allen C. “Houses Divided: Lincoln, Douglas, and the Political Landscape of 1858.” Journal of American History 94, no.2 (September 2007): 391–417.Google Scholar

Guyatt, Nicholas. “‘Outskirts of Our Happiness’: Race and the Lure of Colonization in the Early Republic.” Journal of American History 95, no.4 (March 2009): 986–1011.Google Scholar

Harris Jr., Robert L. “H. Ford Douglas: Afro-American Antislavery Emigrationist.” Journal of Negro History 62, no.3 (July 1977): 217–34.Google Scholar

Harrison, Theresa A. “George Thompson and the 1851 Anti-Abolition Riot.” Historical Journal of Western Massachusetts 5, no.1 (1976): 36–44.Google Scholar

Harrold, Stanley. “Freeing the Weems Family: A New Look at the Underground Railroad.” Civil War History XLII, no.4 (December 1996): 289–306.Google Scholar

Hepburn, Sharon A. Roger. “Following the North Star: Canada as a Haven for Nineteenth-Century American Blacks.” Michigan Historical Review 25, no.2 (Fall 1999): 91–126.Google Scholar

Horton, James O. “A Crusade for Freedom. William Still and the Real Underground Railroad,” in Blight, David W., ed., Passages to Freedom. The Underground Railroad in History and Memory. Smithsonian, 2004, 175–94.Google Scholar

Hossack, John. Speech at Sentencing, “Historical Notes.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society XLI, no.1 (March 1948): 67–74.Google Scholar

Houts, Mary D. “Black Harrisburg’s Resistance to Slavery.” Pennsylvania Heritage IV, no.1 (December 1977): 9–13.Google Scholar

Hudson, J. Blaine. “Crossing the ‘Dark Line’: Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad in Louisville and North-Central Kentucky.”Filson Historical Quarterly 75 (2001): 33–83.Google Scholar

Humphreys, Huge C. “Agitate! Agitate! Agitate!: The Great Fugitive Slave Law Convention and its Rare Deguereotype.” Madison County Heritage 19 (1994): 3–64.Google Scholar

Huston, James. “Southerners vs. Secession: The Arguments of the Constitutional Unionists in 1850–51.” Civil War History XLVI, no.4 (December 2000): 281–99.Google Scholar

Irons, Charles F. “And All These Things Shall be Added Onto to You. The First African Baptist Church, Richmond, 1841–1865.” Virginia Cavalcade 47 (Winter 1998): 26–35.Google Scholar

Johnson, Allen J. “The Constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave Acts.” Yale Law Journal 31 (1921–22): 161–82.Google Scholar

Jones, James P. “The Illinois Negro Law of 1853. Racism in a Free State.” Illinois Quarterly 40, no.2 (Winter 1977): 5–22.Google Scholar

Kaplan, Sidney, “The Moby Dick in the Service of the Underground Railroad.” Phylon 12, no.2 (1951): 173–76.Google Scholar

Karst, Frederick A. “A Rural Black Settlement in St. Joseph County, Indiana, before 1900.” Indiana Magazine of History LXXIV, no.3 (September 1978): 252–67.Google Scholar

Keller, Ralph A. “Methodist Newspapers and the Fugitive Slave Law: A New Perspective for the Slavery Crisis in the North.” Church History 43, no.3 (September 1974): 319–39.Google Scholar

Kelley, Sean. “‘Mexico in His Head’: Slavery and the Texas-Mexico Border, 1810–1860.” Journal of Social History 37, no.3 (Spring 2004): 709–23.Google Scholar

Kellow, Margaret M. R. “Conflicting Imperative: Black and White American Abolitionists Debate Slave Redemption,” in Appiah, Kwame A. & Bunzl, Martin, eds., Buying Freedom: the Ethics and Economics of Slave Redemption. Princeton University Press, 2007, 200–10.Google Scholar

Kenny, Gale L. “Manliness and Manifest Destiny: Jamaica and African American Emigration in the 1850s.” Journal of the Civil War Era 2, no.2 (June 2012): 151–78.Google Scholar

Kotlowski, Dean. “The Jordan Is a Hard Road to Travel: Hoosier Responses to Fugitive Slave Cases, 1850–1860.” International Social Science Review. 79, no.3–4 (2003): 71–88.Google Scholar

Kneebone, John T. “A Breakdown on the Captain B. and the Capture of Keziah, 1858.” Virginia Cavalcade 48, no.2 (Spring 1999): 74–83.Google Scholar

Landon, Fred. “The Negro Migration to Canada after the Passing of the Fugitive Slave Act.” Journal of Negro History V, no.1 (January 1920): 22–36.Google Scholar

Levy, Leonard W. “Memoranda and Documents. The ‘Abolition Riot’: Boston’s First Slave Rescue. The New England Quarterly 25 (March 1952): 85–92.Google Scholar

Levy, Leonard W. “Sims’ Case: The Fugitive Slave Law in Boston in 1851.” Journal of Negro History 35, no.1 (January 1950): 39–74.Google Scholar

Lindquist, Charles. “The Origins and Development of the United States Commissioner System.” American Journal of Legal History 14, no.1 (January 1970): 1–16.Google Scholar

Link, William A. “The Jordon Hatcher Case: Politics and ‘A Sprit of Insubordination’ in Antebellum Virginia.” Journal of Southern History LVIX, no.4 (November 1998): 615–48.Google Scholar

Lumpkin, Katherine D. “The General Plan Was Freedom: A Negro Secret Order of the Underground Railroad.” Phylon 28, no.1 (1st Quarter 1967): 63–77.Google Scholar

Staughton, Lynd. “The Abolitionist Critique of the United States Constitution,” in Duberman, Martin, ed., The Antislavery Vanguard. New Essays on the Abolitionists. Princeton University Press, 1965, 209–39.Google Scholar

Madison, James H. “Race, Law, and the Burdens of Indiana’s History,” in Bodenhamer, David J. & Shepherd, Randall T., eds., The History of Indiana Law. Ohio University Press, 2006, 37–59.Google Scholar

Mahoney, Olivia. “Black Abolitionists.” Chicago History 20, nos.1&2 (Spring & Summer 1991): 22–37.Google Scholar

McGraw, Marie T. “Richmond Free Blacks and African Colonization, 1816–1832.” Journal of American Studies 21, no.2 (1987): 207–24.Google Scholar

McKivegan, John R. “Prisoner of Conscience: George Gordon and the Fugitive Slave Law.” Journal of Presbyterian History 60, no.4 (Winter 1982): 336–54.Google Scholar

Merkel, Benjamin G. “The Underground Railroad and the Missouri Borders, 1840–1860.” Missouri Historical Review XXVII, no.3 (April 1943): 271–85.Google Scholar

Middleton, Stephen. “The Fugitive Slave Crisis in Cincinnati, 1850–1860: Resistance, Enforcement, and Black Refugees.” Journal of Negro History 72 (Winter/Spring 1987): 20–32.Google Scholar

Money, Charles. “The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 in Indiana.” Indiana Magazine of History XVII (June 1921) 159–98 and (September 1921): 257–97.Google Scholar

Moore, N. Webster. “John Berry Meachum (1789–1854): St. Louis Pioneer, Black Abolitionist, Educator, and Preacher.” Bulletin of the Missouri Historical Society 19 (January 1973): 96–103.Google Scholar

Muelder, Hermann R. “Galesburg: Hot-Bed of Abolitionism.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society XXXV, no.3 (September 1942): 216–35.Google Scholar

Murphy, Angela. “‘It Outlaws Me, and I Outlaw it,’ Resistance to the Fugitive Slave Law in Syracuse, New York.” Afro Americans in New York Life and History 28, no.1 (January 2004): 43–72.Google Scholar

Mutunhu, Tendai. “John W. Jones: Underground Railroad Station-Master.” Negro History Bulletin 41, no.2 (March-April 1978): 814–18.Google Scholar

Mutunhu, Tendai. “Tompkins County, an Underground Railroad Transit in New York.” Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 3 (July 1979): 15–33.Google Scholar

Nash, Roderick W. “William Parker and the Christiana Riot.” Journal of Negro History XLVI, no.1 (January 1961): 24–31.Google Scholar

Nash, Roderick W. “The Christiana Riot: An Evaluation of Its National Significance.” Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 65 (Spring 1961): 65–91.Google Scholar

Newman, Richard S. “‘Lucky to be Born in Pennsylvania’: Free Soil, Fugitive Slaves and the Making of Pennsylvania’s Anti-Slavery Borderland.” Slavery & Abolition 32, no.3 (September 2011): 413–30.Google Scholar

Oakes, James. “The Political Significance of Slave Resistance.” History Workshop 22 (Autumn 1986): 89–107.Google Scholar

O’Brien, John T. “Factory, Church, and Community: Blacks in Antebellum Richmond.” Journal of Southern History XLIV, no.4 (November 1978): 509–36.Google Scholar

Owens, Robert M. “Law and Disorder North of the Ohio. Runaways and the Patriarchy of Print Culture, 1793–1815.” Indiana Magazine of History 103, no.3 (September 2007): 265–89.Google Scholar

Parker, William. “The Freedman’s Story in Two Parts.” Atlantic Monthly XVII (1866): 152–295.Google Scholar

Phillips, Christopher. “‘The Dear Name of Home’: Resistance to Colonization in Antebellum Baltimore.” Maryland Historical Magazine 91, no.2 (Summer 1996): 181–202.Google Scholar

Plagg, Eric W. “‘Let the Constitution Perish’: Prigg v. Pennsylvania, Joseph Story, and the Flawed Doctrine of Historical Necessity.” Slavery & Abolition 25, no.3 (December 2004): 76–101.Google Scholar

Porter, Dorothy. “David Ruggles, An Apostle of Human Rights.” Journal of Negro History XXVIII, no.1 (January 1943): 23–50.Google Scholar

Prince, Benjamin F. “The Rescue Case of 1857.” Ohio Archeological and Historical Society Publication XVI (1907): 292–308.Google Scholar

Prude, Jonathan. “To Look Upon the ‘Lower Sort’: Runaway Ads and the Appearance of Unfree Laborers in America, 1750–1800.” Journal of American History 78, no.1 (June 1991): 124–59.Google Scholar

Reed, Christopher. “African American Life in Antebellum Chicago, 1833–1860.” Journal of the Indiana State Historical Society 94, no.4 (Winter 2001–2002): 356–82.Google Scholar

Reid, Patricia. “Margaret Morgan’s Story: A Threshold between Slavery and Freedom, 1820–1842.” Slavery & Abolition 33, no.3 (September 2012): 359–80.Google Scholar

Richardson, Jean. “Buffalo’s Antebellum African American Community and the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.” Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 27, no.2 (July 2001): 29–46.Google Scholar

Roach, Monique P. “The Rescue of William ‘Jerry’ Henry: Antislavery and Racism in the Burned-over District.” New York History 82 (Spring 2001): 135–54.Google Scholar

Robboy, Stanley J. & Anita, W. “Lewis Hayden: From Fugitive Slave to Statesman,” The New England Quarterly XLVI, no.4 (December 1973): 591–613.Google Scholar

Rutherford, S. S. “The Underground Railroad.” Publications of the Historical Society of Dauphin County (1928): 3–8.Google Scholar

Ryan, John H. “A Chapter from the History of the Underground Railroad in Illinois.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 8, no.1 (April 1915): 23–30.Google Scholar

Ryland, Robert. “Reminiscences of the First African Baptist Church, Richmond, VA.” American Baptist Memorial XIV (November 1855): 321–27.Google Scholar

Savage, W. Sherman. “The Contest over Slavery between Illinois and Missouri.” Journal of Negro History XXVII, no.3 (July 1943): 311–25.Google Scholar

Schweninger, Loren. “A Fugitive Negro in the Promised Land: James Rapier in Canada, 1856–1864.” Ontario History LXVII (June 1975): 91–104.Google Scholar

Schoeppner, Michael A. “Status across Borders: Roger Taney, Black British Subjects, and a Diplomatic Antecedent to the Dred Scott Decision.” Journal of American History 100, no.1 (June 2013): 46–67.Google Scholar

Schuelke, Freida. “Activities of the Underground Railroad in Oswego County.” The Publication of the Oswego Historical Society (1940): 1–14.Google Scholar

Schwartz, Harold. “Fugitive Slave Days in Boston.” New England Quarterly XXVII, no.2 (June 1984): 191–212.Google Scholar

Sernett, Milton C. “‘On Freedom’s Trail’: Researching the Underground Railroad in New York State.” Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 25, no.1 (January 2001): 7–32.Google Scholar

Sernett, Milton C. “A Citizen of No Mean City; Jermain W. Loguen and the Antislavery Reputation of Syracuse.” Syracuse University Library Associates Courier XXII, no.2 (Fall 1987): 33–55.Google Scholar

Sloane, Rush R. “The Underground Railroad of the Firelands.” The Firelands Pioneer V (July 1888): 28–59.Google Scholar

Slotten, Martha C. “The McCormick Slave Riot of 1847.” Cumberland County History 17, no.1 (Summer 2000): 14–35.Google Scholar

Smith, Eric L. “Rescuing African American Kidnapping Victims in Philadelphia as Documented in the Joseph Wilson Papers at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography CXXIX, no.3 (July 2005): 317–45.Google Scholar

Sokolow, Jayme A. “The Jerry McHenry Rescue and the Growth of the Northern Anti-Slavery Sentiment during the 1850s.” Journal of American Studies 16 (1982): 427–43.Google Scholar

Strange, Douglas C. “From Treason to Antislavery Patriotism: Unitarian Conservatives and the Fugitive Slave Law.” Harvard Library Bulletin 25, no.4 (October 1977): 466–88.Google Scholar

Talmadge, John E. “Georgia Tests the Fugitive Slave Law.” Georgia Historical Quarterly 49, no.1 (March 1965): 57–64.Google Scholar

Taylor, Henry L. “Spatial Organization and the Residential Experience: Black Cincinnati in 1850.” Social Science History 10, no.1 (Spring 1986): 45–69.Google Scholar

Taylor, Henry L. & Dula, Vicky. “The Black Residential Experience and Community Formation in Antebellum Cincinnati,” in Taylor, Henry L., ed., Race and the City. Work, Community, and Protest in Cincinnati, 1820–1970. University of Illinois Press, 1993, 96–125.Google Scholar

Theriault, Sean M. & Weingast, Barry R. “Agenda Manipulation, Strategic Voting, and Legislative Details in the Compromise of 1850,” in Brady, David W. & McCubbins, Mathew D., eds., Party, Process, and Political Change in Congress. New Perspectives on the History of Congress. Stanford University Press, 2002, 343–91.Google Scholar

Tiffany, Nina M. “Stories of the Fugitive Slaves, I: The Escape of William and Ellen Craft.” New England Magazine 7, no.5 (January 1890): 524–41.Google Scholar

Thornbrough, Emma L. “Indiana and Fugitive Slave Legislation.” Indiana Magazine of History L, no.3 (September 1954): 201–28.Google Scholar

Toplin, Robert B. “Peter Still vs. The Peculiar Institution.” Civil War History 13, no.4 (December 1967): 340–49.Google Scholar

Troutman, Paul. “Grapevine in the Slave Market. African American Geopolitical Literacy and the 1841 Creole Revolt,” in Johnson, Walter, ed., The Chattel Principle. Internal Slave Trades in the Americas. Yale University Press, 2004, 203–33.Google Scholar

Turner, Wallace B. “Kentucky Slavery in the Last Ante Bellum Decade.” Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 58, no.4 (October 1960): 291–307.Google Scholar

Vacha, John E. “The Case of Sara Lucy Bagby.” Ohio History 76, no.4 (1967): 222–31.Google Scholar

Van Bolt, Roger H. “The Hoosiers and the ‘Eternal Agitation,’ 1848–1850,” Indiana Magazine of History XLVIII, no.4 (December 1952): 331–68.Google Scholar

Van Bolt, Roger H. “Indiana in Political Transition, 1851–1853.” Indiana Magazine of History XLIX, no.2 (June 1953): 131–60.Google Scholar

Van Tassel, David D. “Gentlemen of Property and Standing: Compromise Sentiment in Boston in 1850.” New England Quarterly 23 (September 1950): 307–19.Google Scholar

Von Frank, Albert J. “John Brown, James Redpath, and the Idea of Revolution,” Civil War History LII, no.2 (June 2006): 142–60.Google Scholar

Waldstreicher, David. “Reading the Runaways: Self-Fashioning, Print Culture, and Confidence in Slavery in the Eighteenth-Century Mid-Atlantic.” William and Mary Quarterly LVI, no.2 (April 1999): 243–72.Google Scholar

Warnes, Kathy. “Across the Lakes to Liberty: The Liquid Underground Railroad.” Quarterly Journal of the Great Lakes Historical Society 56, no.4 (Winter 2000): 284–93.Google Scholar

Watts, Ralph M. “History of the Underground Railroad in Mechanicsburg.” Ohio Archeological and Historical Society Publication XLIII (1934): 233–51.Google Scholar

Wayne, M. “The Black Population of Canada West on the Eve of the Civil War,” Social History 28 (1995): 465–85.Google Scholar

Wellman, Judith. “This Side of the Border: Fugitives from Slavery in Three Central New York Communities.” New York History 79, no.4 (October 1998): 359–92.Google Scholar

Wellman, Judith. “Larry Gara’s Liberty Line in Oswego County, New York, 1838–1854: A New Look at the Legend.” Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 25, no.1 (January 2001): 33–54.Google Scholar

Williams-Meyer, A. J. “The Underground Railroad in the Hudson River Valley: A Succinct Historical Composite.” Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 27, no.1 (January 2003): 55–65.Google Scholar

Williams, Irene. “The Operation of the Fugitive Slave Law in Western Pennsylvania, from 1850–1860.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 4, no.3 (July 1924): 150–60.Google Scholar

Wilson, Major L. “Of Time and the Union: Webster and His Critics in the Crisis of 1850.” Civil War History 14, no.4 (December 1968): 293–306.Google Scholar

Winch, Julie. “Philadelphia and the Other Underground Railroad.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 111, no.1 (January 1987): 3–25.Google Scholar

Wish, Harvey. “The Slave Insurrection Panic of 1856.” Journal of Southern History 5, no.2 (May 1939): 206–22.Google Scholar

Yannelli, Joseph. “George Thompson among the Africans. Empathy, Authority, and Insanity in the Age of Abolition.” Journal of American History 96, no.4 (March 2010): 979–1000.Google Scholar

Beckert, Sven. “The Making of the New York City’s Bourgeoisie, 1850–1886.” Unpublished dissertation, Columbia University, 1995.Google Scholar

Bennett, Charles R. “All Things to All People: The American Colonization Society in Kentucky, 1829–1860.” Unpublished dissertation, University of Kentucky, 1980.Google Scholar

Blakemore, Jacqueline Y. “African Americans and Race Relations in Gallatin County, Illinois, from the Eighteenth Century to 1870.” Unpublished dissertation, Northern Illinois University, 1996.Google Scholar

Blondo, Richard A. “Samuel Green: A Black Life in Antebellum Maryland.” Unpublished thesis, University of Maryland, 1988.Google Scholar

Bogart, Pen. “Making Their Way to Freedom: Runaway Slave Advertisements from Louisville Newspapers, 1788–1860.” 1999.Google Scholar

Bogart, Pen. “Soul Drivers, Professional, and Good Citizens: Antebellum Perspectives on Kentucky Slave Traders.” 2002.Google Scholar

Boyd, Tim. “Resistance in the Queen City; the Fugitive Slave Law in Buffalo.” Paper prepared for a seminar, Vanderbilt University, 2002.Google Scholar

Brown, Maxine F. “The Role of Free Blacks in Indiana’s Underground Railroad. The Case of Floyd, Harrison and Washington Counties.” Report prepared for the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, 2001.Google Scholar

Crane,Jr., John M. “Slavery on the Edge of Freedom: The Lower Ohio Valley in the Antebellum and Civil War Era.” Unpublished dissertation, Vanderbilt University, 2009.Google Scholar

Cord, Xenia E. “Free Black Rural Communities in Indiana. A Selected Annotated Bibliography.” Typescript, Indiana Historical Society, n.d.Google Scholar

Densmore, Chris. “The Underground Railroad: Facts, Folklore and Fiction.” Typescript, 1999.Google Scholar

Finger, Joel L. “Virginia Fugitives of the 1850’s.” Unpublished thesis, University of Virginia,1969.Google Scholar

Furnish, Mark A. “A Rosetta Stone on Slavery’s Doorstep: Eleutherian College and the Lost Antislavery History of Jefferson County, Indiana.” Unpublished dissertation, Purdue University, 2014.Google Scholar

Gamble, Douglas A. “The Western Antislavery Society: Garrisonian Abolitionism in Ohio.” Unpublished thesis, Ohio State University, 1970.Google Scholar

Gifford, II, Ronald, M. “George Thompson and Atlantic Anti-Slavery, 1831–1865.” Unpublished dissertation, Indiana University, 1999.Google Scholar

Glasman, Paula. “Zebina Eastman: Chicago Abolitionist.” Unpublished thesis, University of Chicago, 1968.Google Scholar

Goliber, Thomas J. “Cuyahoga Blacks: A Social and Demographic Study, 1850–1880.” Unpublished thesis, Kent State University, 1972.Google Scholar

Henry, Raquel I. “The Colonization Movement in Indiana, 1826–1864: A Struggle to Remove the African American.” Unpublished dissertation, Indiana University, 2008.Google Scholar

Hickok, Charles T. “The Negro in Ohio, 1802–1870.” Unpublished dissertation, Western Reserve University, 1896.Google Scholar

Innis, Darleen. “Poke Patch Station.” Typescript, Lawrence County Public Library, n.d.Google Scholar

McElvey, Kay. “Early Black Dorchester 1776–1870: A History of the Struggle of African Americans in Dorchester County, Maryland, to be Free to Make Their Own Choices.” Unpublished dissertation, University of Maryland, 1990.Google Scholar

Miller, Caroline R. “Slavery in Mason County, Kentucky: A Century of Records, 1788–1882, 2 Vols.” Typescript, Maysville, Kentucky, National Underground Railroad Museum, 1999.Google Scholar

Miller, Caroline R. “African American records, Bracken County, Kentucky, 1797–1919, 2 Vols.” Bracken County Historical Society, 1999.Google Scholar

Oblinger, Carl D. “New Freedoms, Old Miseries: The Emergence and Disruption of Black Communities in Southeastern Pennsylvania, 1780–1860.” Unpublished dissertation, Lehigh University, 1988.Google Scholar

Osborn, Elizabeth R. “The Influence of Culture and Gender on the Creation of Law in Antebellum Indiana, and Kentucky.” Unpublished dissertation, Indiana University, 2004.Google Scholar

Peck, Graham A. “Politics and Ideology in a Free Society: Illinois from Statehood to Civil War.” Unpublished dissertation, Northwestern University, 2001.Google Scholar

Peters, Pamela R. “Gateway to Freedom. New Albany, Floyd County, Indiana.”Google Scholar

Pico, Fernando. “Running Away and Finding Concealment: Runaway Slaves in Nineteenth-Century Puerto Rico.” 2008.Google Scholar

Prisloo, Oleta. “The Case of ‘The Dyed-in-the-Wool Abolitionists’ in Mark Twain County, Missouri: An Examination of a Slaveholding Community’s Response to Radical Abolitionism in the 1830s and 1840s.” Unpublished dissertation, University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003.Google Scholar

Pritchard, James M. “Into the Fiery Furness. Anti-Slavery Prisoners in the Kentucky State Penitentiary, 1844–1870.”Google Scholar

Rankin, Adam L. “Autobiography of Rev. Adam Lowry Rankin.” Typescript, Rankin Papers, Stanford University. Copy in the Ripley Public Library.Google Scholar

Regan-Dinius, Jeannie. “Federal Court Cases: Holdings at the National Archives, Chicago.” Typescript in author’s possession.Google Scholar

Rives, Nancy J. “‘Nurseries of Mischief’: Origins and Operations of the Underground Railroad in Richmond, Virginia, 1848–1860.” Unpublished thesis, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1998.Google Scholar

Scott, Herbert H. “The Pioneer People of Poke Patch.” Typescript, Lawrence County Public Library, n.d.Google Scholar

Scott III, Julius S. “The Common Wind: Currents Of Afro-American Communication in the Era of the Haitian Revolution.” Unpublished dissertation, Duke University, 1986.Google Scholar

SingletonJr., Paul L. “The Keziah Affair of 1858 and its Impact upon Underground Railroad Activities in Eastern Virginia.” Unpublished thesis, Virginia State University, 1983.Google Scholar

Stafford, Hanford D. “Slavery in a Border City: Louisville, 1790–1860.” Unpublished dissertation, University of Kentucky, 1982.Google Scholar

Saulman, Earl O. “Blacks in Harrison County, Indiana. A History.” Typescript copy in the Corydon Public Library, n.d.Google Scholar

Willey, Larry G. “The Reverend John Rankin: Early Ohio Antislavery Leader.” Unpublished dissertation, University of Iowa, 1976.Google Scholar

Wolfe, H. Scott. “The Fate of Jerimiah Boyd. A Tale of Kidnapping and Murder in Old Galena.” Blog post, 2004.Google Scholar

Answers of the Agent on the Indiana Colonization Society to the Resolution of Inquiry on the Subject of African Colonization Passed by the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the State of Indiana, on the 3rd of February, 1852. Indianapolis, 1852.Google Scholar

Debate and Proceedings of the Maryland Reform Convention to Revise the State Constitution. 2 Vols. Annapolis, 1851.Google Scholar

Journal of the House of Representatives during the Thirty-Eight Session of the General Assembly of the State of Indiana. Indianapolis, 1855.Google Scholar

Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Indiana during the Thirty-Ninth Session of the General Assembly. Indianapolis, 1857.Google Scholar

Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Vermont, October Session, 1850. Burlington, 1851.Google Scholar

Journal of the Proceedings of the House of Delegates of Maryland. Annapolis, 1852.Google Scholar

Journal of the Proceedings of the House of Delegates of Maryland. Annapolis, 1853.Google Scholar

Journal of the Proceedings of the House of Delegates of Maryland. Annapolis, 1858.Google Scholar

Journal of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Virginia Begun and Held in the Capitol, in the City of Richmond on Monday the Second Day of December in the Year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Fifty. Richmond, 1850.Google Scholar

Journal of the Senate of the State of Vermont, October Session, 1850. Burlington, 1850.Google Scholar

Proceedings of the Constitutional Meeting at Faneuil Hall, November 26th, 1850. Boston, 1850.Google Scholar

Proceedings of the Great Union Meeting Held in the Large Saloon of the Chinese Museum, Philadelphia, on the 21st of November 1850. Philadelphia, 1850.Google Scholar

Report of the Debates and Proceedings of the Convention for the Revision of the Constitution of the State of Indiana, 1850. Indianapolis, 1850.Google Scholar

Report of the Debates and Proceedings of the Convention for the Revision of the Constitution of the State of Ohio, 1850–51. 2 Vols. S. Medary Printers, 1851.Google Scholar

Report of the Rev. John McKay Colored Agent of the State Board of Colonization on Liberia. Indianapolis, 1854.Google Scholar

Report of the Secretary of the State Board of Colonization of the State of Indiana to the Governor for 1853. Indianapolis, 1853.Google Scholar

Report of the Secretary of the State Board of Colonization of the State of Indiana. Indianapolis, 1859.Google Scholar

Speech of the Hon. Robert J. Brent, Attorney-General of Maryland, in the Case of the United States v. Castner Hanway, for Treason. Philadelphia, n.d.Google Scholar