The Old Kingdom covers roughly the period 2682–2060 BCE and comprises primarily the Third to Sixth Dynasties. Technically, the rule of a single king at Memphis continued into the Eighth Dynasty (Papazian 2015), but because little evidence outside of the names of kings, particularly in the Abydos King List, is preserved, the Old Kingdom after the Sixth Dynasty is not included in this study. The Old Kingdom begins with the Third Dynasty, for which the Turin King List gives the names of five kings and a total number of seventy-four years for their reigns. Five Horus names of kings are known from inscriptional evidence dating to this dynasty, but there are difficulties matching these Horus names with the nsw-bit (nsw bit), or “King of Upper and Lower Egypt,” crown names used in the Turin List.