Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 June 2025
Toward the end of 62, P. Clodius, dressed as a woman, invaded the annual rites of the Bona Dea, which were for women only. A board of priests and Vestal Virgins declared that the ceremony had been polluted, and the senate voted that Clodius should be put on trial. Cicero had been visited by Clodius the day before and so could destroy his alibi. Clodius attacked Cicero in public meetings, whipping up sentiment against him for the execution of the Catilinarian conspirators without a trial. Cicero counterattacked in his own speeches and testified against Clodius at trial. A feud resulted, with Clodius seeking and obtaining transfer to plebeian status and election as plebeian tribune for 58. Meanwhile, Cicero was trying to shore up his position with the publication of his speeches as consul, as well as an epic poem about his consulship and an account of it in Greek.
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