Chapter 10 explores the social and economic conflicts in the Amazon region. The small farmers and miners who have settled in states such as Para and Amazonas over the past half-century are Brazil’s equivalent of US ‘rednecks’: strongly independent, fiercely conservative and big supporters of right-wing politics. This section starts in Roraima, a state with a large indigenous population, where the settler population voted heavily in favour of Bolsonaro in 2018.