Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 January 2026
This chapter explores female identity in dress in Bhutan and how this has been shaped in the twenty-first century by the competing and complementary forces of the Royal Government, contact with international development agencies, and the growth of digital technology in the kingdom. The impact of national policies such as driglam namzha, a sumptuary dress code, and Gross National Happiness on women’s dress is discussed and explored alongside discussion and analysis of Her Majesty The Gyaltsuen Jetsun Pema Wangchuck and how her royal sartorial identity is crafted and presented both within Bhutan and globally. Critical analysis of how this sits alongside the everyday dress and stories of ordinary Bhutanese women is placed within a broader discussion of how the creation, consumption, appropriation, and display of heritage textiles and garments has evolved in Bhutan and how this contributes to debates surrounding the politics of dress and globalization.
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