In 1663, a unique opportunity arose to rei their estates in the Court of Claims and Chapter 4 explores how Catholics used the court against an overwhelmingly hostile administration. There is a significant body of material that records how Catholics fared. The principal record of the court, a MS in Armagh Robinson Library, is an exceptionally important source for the Restoration. Not strictly a court report, it provides a wealth of information relating to the mainly Catholic claimants. A record of the decrees of the court in the British Library complements the Armagh MS. It is challenging to assess the mass of evidence from the individual cases. The approach taken here is to examine the cases of some smaller landlords which are indicative of the processes followed by the court, and then to trace some of the larger judgments, which are significant in their own right, and frequently have related narratives showing how the Catholic owners fought to rei their lands before and after the sittings of the court. There is a risk that the selected cases are not representative, but they account for about 20 per cent of Catholic claims, and it is clear that some tentative conclusions can be drawn. A number of cases are examined to show how the cost of litigation was a significant deterrent to engaging with the courts, and how religious identity could be flexible, depending on the personal circumstances of the landowner. Finally, a statistical analysis provides some more general conclusions.