Sixty years after the end of World War II and the liberation of the Nazi concentration camps, the study of the long-term psychological effects associated with the Holocaust remains of interest to both social scientists and clinicians. The focus for the last three decades or so has been on the intergenerational transmission of the Holocaust trauma to the children of the survivors, often referred to as the “second generation.” Psychological trauma, especially massive traumas such as genocide, may have long-term effects, not only on the victimized generation but also on the next generations that did not endure the traumatic events directly. The question of whether the trauma of the Holocaust has been transmitted to the second generation has been the topic of much clinical and empirical research, as reflected in the large numbers of articles and books. Our book, however, addresses the more specific issue of what psychological sequelae, if any, have been transmitted from survivors to their children. We answer this question by exploring scientifically the relational world of the second generation as it unfolds in the narratives they tell about their experiences growing up in families of Holocaust survivors. Much of the material integrated in this book is based primarily on a research project that we conducted in Israel to study the transmission of the relational themes, as well as the main psychological issues and sensitivities that may play out within those families.