As the title of Part II suggests, the next four chapters represent an attempt to review several features of the economy and society which were instrumental in causing England to outstrip its neighbours other than the Netherlands during the early modern period. In each case there was feedback between the features mentioned in the chapter titles which promoted economic growth generally. The four topics considered in these chapters are the following: agricultural change and urbanisation; energy and transport; occupational structure, aggregate income, and migration; and production and reproduction. The purpose of this preliminary note is to stress that, although it is convenient to divide the topics between the four chapters, there were also close links between them. I have therefore included a figure at the end of Part II which tries to define the nature and significance of these links by showing them in a flow diagram which sets out the direction and nature of the links. It may prove helpful to consult this figure before reading Part II, and to refer to it from time to time while doing so. Equally, it provides an opportunity to review the four chapters as a whole before moving on to Part III. For this reason figure 6.7 is included in a section entitled Retrospect of Part II as a whole which is placed at the end of chapter 6, the last chapter in this section.