In the spirit of Abram Bergson's life's work, the essays contained in this volume are devoted to the theme of economic welfare, assessed both from the standpoint of pure theory and the behavior of the Soviet economic system. The book is divided into two parts. The first deals with the Soviet economy. The chapters in this section are arranged according to their generality, beginning with an overview of the development of Soviet economic studies and concluding with a detailed empirical analysis of the determinants of Soviet international trade. Part II focuses on welfare economics. Abram Bergson's contribution to welfare theory is appraised by Paul Samuelson in the opening essay. Special topics in the field of economic welfare are then explored by Kenneth Arrow, Simon Kuznets, and Jan Tinbergen. The section concludes with Martin Spechler's reappraisal of the economics of socialism, a subject that epitomizes Bergson's intellectual vision. A short biographical sketch and a complete list of Abram Bergson's publications are provided at the back of the volume for those wishing to delve systematically into his oeuvres.