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3 - Apperception and analyticity in the B-Deduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Henry E. Allison
Affiliation:
University of California, San Diego
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Summary

In the B-Deduction Kant states that, although it “reveals the necessity of a synthesis of the manifold given in intuition,” the “principle of the necessary unity of apperception is … an identical, and therefore analytic proposition” (B135). Moreover, as if to emphasize that this was not a momentary slip, he remarks shortly thereafter that the proposition which “makes synthetic unity a condition of all thought … is, as already stated, itself analytic.” This, he continues, is because:

[I]t says no more than that all my representations in any given intuition must be subject to that condition under which alone I can ascribe them to the identical self as my representations, and so can comprehend them as synthetically combined in one apperception through the general expression, ‘think’ (B138).

But, in spite of Kant's unambiguous pronouncements, this claim has proven to be a stumbling block for even the most sympathetic and thorough commentators. To be sure, one could regard as analytic the trivial claim that all my representations must be subject to those conditions, whatever they may be, that allow them to be my representations. As the above citations indicate, however, Kant took the analyticity to extend also to the apparently substantive claim that the essential condition of the possibility of such self-ascription is that the representations be unifiable in a single self-consciousness. In short, Kant regards the principle of the necessary synthetic unity of apperception as itself analytic.

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Idealism and Freedom
Essays on Kant's Theoretical and Practical Philosophy
, pp. 41 - 52
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1996

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