You will be happy to know that Nisa's husband did not kill her. But it was from conversations such as those that the late Marjorie Shostak had with Nisa that anthropologists in the 1970s created a new model of hunter-gatherer social organization. This included bilateral (or sometimes patrilineal) kinship, bilocal postmarital residence, a sexual division of labor, egalitarian political organization, and male-female equality. As we discussed in Chapter 1, foraging society was early on defined in social terms, those of descent and residence. Although the stereotype shifted from patrilineal to bilateral descent, patrilocal to bilocal residence, male dominance to male-female equality, variability was ignored. In this chapter, we consider that variability, in the division of labor, postmarital residence, descent, and marriage. Our focus is on social organization as it entails relationships between men and women.