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1 - The Cultural and Religious Prehistories

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2012

John Michael Cooper
Affiliation:
Southwestern University
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Summary

Nature can have little unity for savages. It is a Walpurgis-nacht procession, a checkered play of light and shadow, a medley of impish and elfish friendly and inimical powers.

William James, A Pluralistic Universe

Kind or species: A novel? No, certainly not: a witches' Sabbath of the spirit, a gigantic “Capriccio,” a phenomenal cerebral Walpurgisnacht.

Stefan Zweig, “Anmerkung zum Ulysses

Throughout Western European spheres of influence the night of April 30 is home to a conspicuously secular celebration. It is known in Germany as die Walpurgisnacht (Walpurgis Night), alternatively in the United Kingdom and the United States as Beltane or May Eve; in Italy as la notte di Valpurga, Beltane, or Calendimaggio; in Spain as la noche de Walpurgis, and in France as La nuit de Walpurgis or simply La Walpurgis. After Christmas and Easter it is one of the major holidays in Finland and Sweden (VapunAatto and Valborgsmässoafton, respectively). Its origins antedate written records, and it is host to a wide variety of popular and commercial revelries. Like its autumn counterpart, Halloween, it is practiced today primarily in folk and popular culture. Also like Halloween, the Walpurgis Night celebrates magic and the supernatural, the profane alternative to the predominantly monotheistic cultures of mainstream society. And it, too, is home to countless ghost stories and a wide variety of folk tales populated by witches, werewolves, and other supernatural beings.

Type
Chapter
Information
Mendelssohn, Goethe, and the Walpurgis Night
The Heathen Muse in European Culture, 1700–1850
, pp. 1 - 29
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2007

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