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Theatrical performance engages with the material consequences of rising hot temperatures and severe bush fires as it continues to reflect changing beliefs about the weather. Verbatim theatre outlines some of the contradictions surrounding fire, which both regenerates and destroys as it conveys the gradual realisation that fire changes weather. Theatre points to how temperature-reducing tree preservation paradoxically becomes blamed for increasing the bush fire risk. The discussion foregrounds the clash of values in a liberal democratic society between the ongoing exploitation of environmental resources for economic gain and the longstanding efforts of activists and protestors to protect forests that store carbon and counteract rising temperatures. As characters and personae confront the life and death dilemmas posed by hot weather and fire including those from the social risk of arson, theatrical performance must grapple with ethical constraints surrounding the depiction of these events that cause fatalities.
Many jurisdictions around the world, which came to be known as “tax havens,” offered refuge against the high mid-century tax rates. Some individual taxpayers physically moved to these havens, which were primarily located in small, resource poor, countries whose primary source of commerce was from tourism because of their exotic locales. Corporations used techniques to shift profits to these tax haven jurisdictions while remaining based in the U.S. In either case, not only would the profits and income earned be free from tax in these jurisdictions, but because they were sourced there it would shield them from tax in the U.S. until the money was repatriated. These tax havens were portrayed in marketing materials and in the media in a way that deliberately associated the tax savings with the pristine beaches or snow-capped mountain ski resorts of the countries that hosted them, making the whole enterprise of tax dodging seem glamorous and exciting to the average taxpayer reading about them. Even though they were but a mirage for these average taxpayers, they inspired envy rather than resentment, which helped to normalize and spur interest in tax dodging among the middle class.
Edited by
Liz McDonald, East London NHS Foundation Trust,Roch Cantwell, Perinatal Mental Health Service and West of Scotland Mother & Baby Unit,Ian Jones, Cardiff University
The aim of this chapter is to help readers to understand the different options for psychological therapy when parents are experiencing perinatal mental illness and consider what therapeutic approach might be appropriate and for whom.
Psychological therapies are of key importance in the perinatal period. There are significant psychological adjustments associated with the transition to parenthood, there are adjusted risks and benefits of prescribing at this time, parents state they prefer psychological approaches and therapy may also be important to address problems in the parent-infant relationship. It is important that psychological therapies are based on a perinatal frame of mind and can be accessed promptly when needed.
This chapter describes different types of evidence-based, guideline recommended psychological therapies that target improvements in parental mental health symptoms. Psychological therapy is most effective and accessible when it is adapted to take account of the perinatal context and issues related to pregnancy, childbirth or parenting. The evidence base for psychological therapies specifically in the perinatal period is growing and is reviewed.
The Introduction explains the purpose of this book about the way natural ecologies are centrally configured in twentieth- and twenty-first century drama and innovative theatrical performance. It explains the book’s argument that ecology and climate need to be understood as consequences of a combination of social and natural forces, and that drama and theatrical performance often stage such entangled ecologies. We find that weather-related events function like protagonists in twentieth-century and twenty-first century Australian theatrical work, reflecting contemporaneous human attitudes towards nature. The plays and performances discussed in this book reveal a paradigm shift from a white settler belief in a righteous human dominance over nature to a more contemporary understanding of mutual entanglement and reciprocity in multispecies ecologies.
This concluding chapter offers some final reflections on the nature of knowledge about ethnicity in Kenya. I argue that if the nature of this knowledge is purposefully vague and makes ethnic categories polyvalent, then the best way to protect against problematic uses of ethnic knowledge is vigilance. This is far less satisfying and reassuring than law or rights as a framework for governing the risks of diversity, but it is far more appropriate, and I briefly consider what this might look like. Finally, I look forward to the digitisation of Kenya’s population register and aspirations to establish a population knowledge architecture so sophisticated that it could render numerous registers interoperable and ultimately replace even the census. I reflect on the nature of ethnic classification in such an architecture and argue that it would lose all the qualities that have made it amenable to solidaristic and pluralistic purposes thus far, while amplifying all its dangers.
This chapter examines how the rhetoric of achievement books is crafted through images and numbers as well as words. I argue that these media have two purposes. On one hand, they act as symbolic fragments of the nation, constituted by a recognisable Nasser-era iconography. Peasants and workers, students and soldiers, factories and machines, land and buildings – all these elements are marshalled to depict a cohesive national mosaic. On the other hand, each photograph and statistic acts as an index of the state’s achievements; the picture and the number become, on their own, an inarguable demonstration of the state’s ability to achieve. After describing the typical content of Nasserist iconography, the chapter moves to analyse it in relation to the master narratives of industrial modernisation and revolutionary responsibility. The chapter concludes with an analysis of what images exclude, what lies beyond their frame, and how these exclusions are telling about what constitutes ‘the state’ under Nasser. Governmental images and numbers are not a peripheral epiphenomenon to Nasser-era politics, but they are symbolically and indexically central to the state’s construction.
In this chapter, we provide an overview of several related problems in which we can apply the techniques developed in Chapters 2–6. We first study the least gradient problem, that is, the problem of minimisation of total variation with respect to a given Dirichlet boundary condition. We discuss several possible formulations of this problem in a metric measure setting, and in regular bounded open subsets of a metric measure space, we describe the relation between the least gradient problem and the Dirichlet problem for the 1-Laplacian operator. Section 7.2 deals with the Cheeger problem and the Cheeger cut problem in the general framework of metric measure spaces. Our first goal is to study the problem of characterising the Cheeger constant of a bounded domain and the identification of the Cheeger sets. Furthermore, we prove a version of the Max-Flow Min-Cut Theorem. Then, we consider the Cheeger cut problem of partitioning the space into two parts so that the Cheeger constant of the whole space is achieved, and as a consequence, we obtain a Cheeger inequality along the lines of the classical one for Riemannian manifolds obtained by Cheeger in 1970.