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This accessible yet rigorous textbook introduces the fundamentals of linear algebra in the context of real-world data science applications. Including the latest developments in the field, clear and detailed mathematical explanations. and extensive examples, it offers a comprehensive and approachable introduction to the subject, focusing on the foundations of the singular value decomposition and its many uses. Key topics include matrix subspaces, reduced-rank matrix approximation, angles between subspaces, averaging subspaces, spectral embedding algorithms including Laplacian eigenmaps and multidimensional scaling, the K-SVD dictionary learning algorithm, and the generalized singular value decomposition. The text takes a practical approach, featuring real-world application examples and more than 600 end-of-chapter exercises. Accompanying online resources include a solutions manual for instructors, data sets, and MATLAB and Python code for implementing algorithms in the text.
An accessible and streamlined foundation textbook for undergraduate atmospheric science students, Essentials of Atmospheric Science provides a comprehensive but concise introduction to weather, climate, and key atmospheric processes. Opening with a timely discussion of climate change and weather extremes, the text reflects the evolving nature of atmospheric science and has evolved from the author's two decades of teaching at the undergraduate level. A distinctive feature of the book is a dedicated chapter on essential mathematics, addressing the gap many students face when transitioning to more advanced study of topics such as atmospheric thermodynamics, dynamics, cloud microphysics, radiative transfer, and numerical weather prediction. Clear explanations, full-color figures, focus boxes, review questions, and quantitative exercises reinforce learning.
This textbook builds up General Relativity in a modern way that shows the marvellous unity in physics. Einstein's gravity can be understood as the theory of matter interacting with a massless spin-2 particle (the graviton), just as electromagnetism is the theory of charges interacting with a massless spin-1 particle (the photon). Starting with scalar gravity and electromagnetism, General Relativity is developed step by step, highlighting all the key ideas and equations. The text develops many applications of enduring interest, including solar-system effects and cosmological expansion, as well as important cutting-edge topics such as black hole imaging and gravitational wave detection. In-chapter exercises and end-chapter problems allow readers to test their understanding, with selected solutions available to instructors online. The textbook provides essential material for the beginning – and experienced – physicist or astronomer interested in modern developments in gravitation, astrophysics and cosmology, and their connections to particle physics and fundamental physics.
Addressing not only inter-state dispute settlement but also the settlement of disputes involving non-State actors, The Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes offers a clear and systematic overview of the procedures for dispute settlement in international law. It covers both diplomatic and legal means of international dispute settlement, focusing on the interaction between the two categories of dispute settlement means. In particular, the book thoroughly examines the law and practice of the International Court of Justice, International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, and inter-State arbitration. It also addresses the settlement of international environmental disputes, which is increasingly important in the international community, and the WTO dispute settlement system. The 2nd edition has been updated by adding new cases and materials to address the latest developments in the field, including the ICJ, ITLOS, WTO, and the United Nations.
This classic textbook, thoroughly revised and updated for its third edition, introduces the basic methods of computational physics. Clear, concise and practical, the new edition includes an additional chapter on machine learning and is supported with sample programs in Python. First, readers are presented with the numerical techniques that every computational scientist should have in their toolbox, including approximation of functions, numerical calculus, differential and partial differential equations, spectral analysis, linear algebra and matrix operations. The author then provides self-contained introductions to the research areas of molecular dynamics, fluid dynamics, Monte Carlo simulations, genetic algorithms and machine learning. Important concepts are illustrated with relevant examples, and each chapter concludes with a selection of exercises. Suitable for upper-division undergraduate to graduate courses on computational physics and scientific computing, this book is also a useful resource for anyone interested in using computation to solve scientific problems.
How does brain activity give rise to sleep, dreams, learning, memory, and language? Do drugs like cocaine and heroin tap into the same neurochemical systems that evolved for life's natural rewards? What are the powerful new tools of molecular biology that are revolutionizing neuroscience? This second edition undergraduate text explores the relationship between brain, mind, and behavior. It clears away the extraneous detail that so often impedes learning, and describes critical concepts step by step, in straightforward language. Rich illustrations and thought-provoking review questions further illuminate the relationship between biological, behavioral, and mental phenomena. With focused, engaged writing, even the more challenging topics of neurotransmission and neuroplasticity become enjoyable to learn. This streamlined text includes all key information, allowing readers to remain focused and enjoy the feeling of mastery that comes from a grounded understanding of a topic, from its fundamentals to its implications.
This textbook offers a foundational overview of cognitive psychology, balancing accessible writing, practical applications, and research. By incorporating biological perspectives throughout, the authors provide a concise introduction to human cognition and its evolution over time as a means of adapting to our environment. Chapters cover key topics including cognitive neuroscience, attention and consciousness, perception, memory, knowledge representation, language, problem-solving and creativity, decision-making and reasoning, cognitive development, and intelligence. This seventh edition also introduces new content on human intelligence, consolidated into a final chapter. With its 'from lab to life' approach, the authors provide thorough coverage of theory, lab, and field research, while continually highlighting real-world applications to everyday life.
Older than the pyramids, Sumerian was used in ancient Mesopotamia (Southern Iraq). It is probably the world's first written language, and survives on clay tablets in the cuneiform script, dating from c.3000 BCE to the beginning of the Common Era. It abounds in simple inscriptions, ideal for beginners, but also boasts a wealth of more advanced writings, such as fascinating mythological poetry. This comprehensive textbook equips students to read the full range of texts – including the special variety of the language known as Emesal. Drawing on the authors' experience in the classroom, it uses intuitive terminology and also makes extensive use of diagrams, which unravel the language's structures in an easy-to-learn way. The examples and readings are all taken from original sources. The learning journey is further supported by exercises (with key), a full sign list and glossary, and online recordings with 'approximate pronunciations'.
Thoroughly revised and updated, the second edition of Goldsmith's Wireless Communications retains its unique balance of theory, design techniques, and analytical tools to provide readers with an unrivalled introduction to the core principles of wireless system design. Including over 80 worked examples and over 300 end-of-chapter problems, it is an ideal text for senior undergraduate and graduate-level study, and an invaluable reference for academics and professionals in wireless communications. This edition includes new discussion of key techniques and technologies including mm-Wave systems, massive MIMO, intelligent surfaces, LDPC and polar codes, turbo and deep learning equalization, full duplex systems, OTFS, NOMA, HetNets, and cloud radio access networks; an updated overview of state-of-the-art wireless systems and paradigms, including current cellular, Wi-Fi, satellite, and ad-hoc networks, fixed wireless access, cognitive radio, and underlay systems; refreshed coverage of the latest standards in cellular, Wi-Fi, and short-range networks; and over 25 new multi-part end-of-chapter problems.
Introducing the kinetics of phase transformations, in a manner that is relevant to all materials, from polymers and ceramics to metals and electronic materials. It builds up from simple discussions of interfaces to the complex primary phase transformations used to create engineering materials, and introduces students to real-world industry tools, including materials databases and CALPHAD-based codes. All assumptions are clearly stated, and all derivations presented in full, allowing students to focus on core concepts and the implications of results, and it is accompanied by 125 end-of-chapter homework problems, Python code examples, and solutions for instructors. Culminating with a discussion of transformation rates that synthesizes concepts presented throughout the text, including three example capstone projects, this is the ideal introduction for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying phase transformations.
Building on its critical and optimistic approach, the fully revised second edition of this textbook utilizes international relations theory and coverage of key historical events to give students a comprehensive, unbiased understanding of international politics backed by up-to-date research. Broad in scope, the book covers topics ranging from leadership and warfare to terrorism and global environmental threats. New to this edition is in-depth coverage of the Russo-Ukraine War and the Israel, Palestine, and Middle East Wars, and up-to-date context is added throughout with the inclusion of issues such as the Covid-19 pandemic and Brexit. The text is enhanced by box features and 'Close Up' sections providing further information, and 'Critical Case Studies' highlighting complex historical and current affairs. Through the evaluation of past and contemporary real-world issues and institutions, this textbook provides students of political science and international relations with the tools they need to think critically about global politics.
Aimed at undergraduate students, this text guides readers through the methods and principles of machine learning in an approachable manner without sacrificing mathematical precision or notation. Step-by-step explanations allow students to grasp complicated mathematical calculations and translate the theory and mathematics into programming and applications. The text presents machine learning concepts visually, and uses example datasets from fictional hippopotamuses and illustrations to explain the material in a unique, but easily understood and engaging way. Worked examples connect the mathematics and algorithms to real-world applications and enable students to utilize this technology in new and ever-changing circumstances. Topics covered include Bayesian reasoning, linear regression and classification, margin-based classification, cross-validation, neural networks, decision trees, clustering and dimensionality reduction. End-of-chapter mathematical exercises and additional coding projects reinforce application and decision-making skills.
This undergraduate textbook carefully introduces the fundamentals of axiomatic set theory; a rich and beautiful subject whose fundamental concepts permeate virtually every branch of mathematics. One can thus say that set theory is a foundation for mathematics. The proofs are rigorous, clear, and complete, while remaining accessible to undergraduates who are new to upper-level mathematics. Topics covered include relations, functions, the natural numbers, order, cardinality, transfinite recursion, the axiom of choice, ordinal numbers, and cardinal numbers. Exercises are given at the end of each section in a chapter. The second edition includes a new chapter on set-theoretic constructions of the integers, the rational numbers, and the real numbers; a new chapter on models of set theory. There are also new sections on the hyperreals and applications of stationary sets, club sets, and Fodor's Theorem, as well as additional explanation, examples, and figures. A solutions manual is available for instructors.
This textbook is a digestible yet authoritative introduction to the foundations of quantum field theory, making use of explicit notation and step-by-step reasoning. While many QFT texts serve as a reference for practitioners, a compendium of applications, and a review of recent research, this textbook focuses solely on introducing the subject. The tools necessary to canonically quantize scalar and electromagnetic fields are built from the ground up, going all the way to the renormalization group. This textbook tackles fundamental topics that are frequently passed over, such as the interpretation of a quantum field, the cluster decomposition principle, and spontaneous symmetry breaking at the quantum level. More than a hundred problems are included, with selected solutions being made available to instructors. Written primarily for beginning graduate students taking their first course in QFT, this standalone textbook features detailed mathematical derivations and conceptual justifications.
Charting the history of the Ottoman Empire through a wide range of primary sources dated from 1300 to 1920, this sourcebook renders Ottoman history newly accessible to beginners. The 73 texts represent the most comprehensive offering of Ottoman sources published for the classroom, translated from Turkish, Arabic, Persian, Greek and Armenian. The selected texts range from chronicles to treaties, poetry and folk tales to essays, and biography to legal court registers, imperial orders, and financial records. Each source is accompanied by a short contextual introduction and study questions; maps and illustrations immerse students in the diverse Ottoman world. Suitable for either a one-semester or two-semester course, Reading Ottoman History will serve as an ideal accompaniment to popular textbooks such as Douglas A. Howard's A History of the Ottoman Empire, offering students vivid inside views of the political, military, economic, social, cultural and religious history of the Ottoman Empire.
Throughout the greater Mediterranean world, the remains of Roman monuments can be found in cities and rural areas, displaying the range of architectural imagination and engineering prowess of the Roman Empire. This volume offers a comprehensive overview of architecture throughout the Roman realm. Providing historical context as it relates to key monuments, Fikret Yegül and Diane Favro explore Roman building construction and technology and emphasize how much the Roman architectural tradition owes to the achievements and traditions of indigenous peoples across three continents, leading to an insightful understanding of the concept of 'Romanization.' They also examine architecture in rural environments and buildings for all social classes and genders, while investigating how events and policies, as well as available technologies and materials, shaped design and the built environment. Clearly written and richly illustrated with over 400 images, this book offers a multi-dimensional overview of the Roman built environment and its unique architectural vision and perspective.