In this chapter we seek the general solution to Maxwell’s equations. Given the sources $\rho (\mathbf{r},t)$ and $\mathbf{J}(\mathbf{r},t)$, what are the fields $\mathbf{E}(\mathbf{r},t)$ and $\mathbf{B}(\mathbf{r},t)$? In the static case, Coulomb’s law and the Biot–Savart law provide the answer.

This chapter discusses the position (and especially protection) of the individual in international law, whether through human rights law, refugee law, the right to self-determination, or other means

This chapter outlines the various roles that the media can play in shaping foreign policy and discusses the limits and possibilities of public opinion as an influence on the actions of policymakers.

This chapter outlines the degree of change and continuity that the Obama administration brought to foreign policy and compares it to the Trump administration and its America First foreign policy.

This chapter discusses whether and in what circumstances states can resort to the use of force

This chapter discusses the emergence of the Cold War, the containment policy, and the Cold War consensus (and its challenges) that were developed against the expansion of international communism.

This chapter analyzes the Reagan administrations realist and Cold War foreign policy approach and the realist/idealist approach of the George H.W. Bush administration as the Cold War was ending.

This chapter discusses how states ought to behave in tiems of armed conflict, highlighting the role of such mechanisms as proportionality and military necessity

This chapter discusses the subjects of international law: how states come into being, and how international organizations are created.

This chapter discusses the efforts of Congress to reassert its constitutional prerogatives in foreign policy, its relative success in this area, and its efforts to engage more fully with the president.

All of our cards are now on the table, and in a sense my job is done. In the first seven chapters we assembled electrodynamics piece by piece, and now, with Maxwell’s equations in their final form, the theory is complete. There are no more laws to be learned, no further generalizations to be considered, and (with perhaps one exception) no lurking inconsistencies to be resolved. If yours is a one-semester course, this would be a reasonable place to stop.

Thus chapter discusses the basics of international responsibility, focusing mostly on states. It details how states can be held responsible, what the consequences thereof may be, and discusses the circumstances precluding wrongfulness. It further analyzes the responsibility of international organizations and of individuals under international law

The chapter discusses the basics of the law of the global commons (seas, air, outer space), by concentrating on what states can do in which zones or spaces

This chapter focuses primarily on the Department of State and the National Security Council in foreign policy making, and also outlines the key role of several economic departments in that process.