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18 results

  • Morale in the English mental health workforce: questionnairesurvey

  • Sonia Johnson, David P. J. Osborn, Ricardo Araya, Elizabeth Wearn, Moli Paul, Mai Stafford, Nigel Wellman, Fiona Nolan, Helen Killaspy, Brynmor Lloyd-Evans, Emma Anderson, Stephen J. Wood
  • Journal:
    The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 201 / Issue 3 / September 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2018, pp. 239-246
    Print publication:
    September 2012
    • Article
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  • Background

    High-quality evidence on morale in the mental health workforce is lacking.

    Aims

    To describe staff well-being and satisfaction in a multicentre UK National Health Service (NHS) sample and explore associated factors.

    Method

    A questionnaire-based survey (n = 2258) was conducted in 100 wards and 36 community teams in England. Measures included a set of frequently used indicators of staff morale, and measures of perceived job characteristics based on Karasek's demand–control–support model.

    Results

    Staff well-being and job satisfaction were fairly good on most indicators, but emotional exhaustion was high among acute general ward and community mental health team (CMHT) staff and among social workers. Most morale indicators were moderately but significantly intercorrelated. Principal components analysis yielded two components, one appearing to reflect emotional strain, the other positive engagement with work. In multilevel regression analyses factors associated with greater emotional strain included working in a CMHT or psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU), high job demands, low autonomy, limited support from managers and colleagues, age under 45 years and junior grade. Greater positive engagement was associated with high job demands, autonomy and support from managers and colleagues, Black or Asian ethnic group, being a psychiatrist or service manager and shorter length of service.

    Conclusions

    Potential foci for interventions to increase morale include CMHTs, PICUs and general acute wards. The explanatory value of the demand–support–control model was confirmed, but job characteristics did not fully explain differences in morale indicators across service types and professions.

  • A wedding scene? Notes on Akropolis 6471*

  • Emma J. Stafford
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Hellenic Studies / Volume 117 / November 1997
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    23 February 2012, pp. 200-202
    Print publication:
    November 1997

  • The iconography of this well-preserved lekythos (PLATE III) has provoked little discussion. Beazley enters it as an ‘unexplained subject’ and declines to identify any of the figures; Brouskari and Delivorrias read it as a ‘wedding scene’, identifying the female standing at the far right as Aphrodite. Commenting on the Berlin amphoriskos by the Heimarmene Painter (Plate IV), Shapiro notes that Aison's lekythos offers a close parallel for the group of Helen and Aphrodite, but he takes the observation no further. Elements of the scene do indeed fit into the ‘adornment of the bride’ iconography, documented in Oakley and Sinos' collection of images of the Athenian wedding.