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Mega-analysis of association between obesity and cortical morphology in bipolar disorders: ENIGMA study in 2832 participants
Sean R. McWhinney, Christoph Abé, Martin Alda, Francesco Benedetti, Erlend Bøen, Caterina del Mar Bonnin, Tiana Borgers, Katharina Brosch, Erick J. Canales-Rodríguez, Dara M. Cannon, Udo Dannlowski, Ana M. Diaz-Zuluaga, Lorielle M.F. Dietze, Torbjørn Elvsåshagen, Lisa T. Eyler, Janice M. Fullerton, Jose M. Goikolea, Janik Goltermann, Dominik Grotegerd, Bartholomeus C. M. Haarman, Tim Hahn, Fleur M. Howells, Martin Ingvar, Neda Jahanshad, Tilo T. J. Kircher, Axel Krug, Rayus T. Kuplicki, Mikael Landén, Hannah Lemke, Benny Liberg, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Ulrik F. Malt, Fiona M. Martyn, Elena Mazza, Colm McDonald, Genevieve McPhilemy, Sandra Meier, Susanne Meinert, Tina Meller, Elisa M. T. Melloni, Philip B. Mitchell, Leila Nabulsi, Igor Nenadic, Nils Opel, Roel A. Ophoff, Bronwyn J. Overs, Julia-Katharina Pfarr, Julian A. Pineda-Zapata, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Joaquim Raduà, Jonathan Repple, Maike Richter, Kai G. Ringwald, Gloria Roberts, Alex Ross, Raymond Salvador, Jonathan Savitz, Simon Schmitt, Peter R. Schofield, Kang Sim, Dan J. Stein, Frederike Stein, Henk S. Temmingh, Katharina Thiel, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Cristian Vargas, Eduard Vieta, Annabel Vreeker, Lena Waltemate, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Christopher R. K. Ching, Ole A. Andreassen, Paul M. Thompson, Tomas Hajek, for the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group
Journal:

Psychological Medicine / Volume 53 / Issue 14 / October 2023

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

27 February 2023, pp. 6743-6753
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Background:
Obesity is highly prevalent and disabling, especially in individuals with severe mental illness including bipolar disorders (BD). The brain is a target organ for both obesity and BD. Yet, we do not understand how cortical brain alterations in BD and obesity interact.
Methods:
We obtained body mass index (BMI) and MRI-derived regional cortical thickness, surface area from 1231 BD and 1601 control individuals from 13 countries within the ENIGMA-BD Working Group. We jointly modeled the statistical effects of BD and BMI on brain structure using mixed effects and tested for interaction and mediation. We also investigated the impact of medications on the BMI-related associations.
Results:
BMI and BD additively impacted the structure of many of the same brain regions. Both BMI and BD were negatively associated with cortical thickness, but not surface area. In most regions the number of jointly used psychiatric medication classes remained associated with lower cortical thickness when controlling for BMI. In a single region, fusiform gyrus, about a third of the negative association between number of jointly used psychiatric medications and cortical thickness was mediated by association between the number of medications and higher BMI.
Conclusions:
We confirmed consistent associations between higher BMI and lower cortical thickness, but not surface area, across the cerebral mantle, in regions which were also associated with BD. Higher BMI in people with BD indicated more pronounced brain alterations. BMI is important for understanding the neuroanatomical changes in BD and the effects of psychiatric medications on the brain.

The Zurich Association for Economic History
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 36 / Issue 2 / Summer 1962

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 205-214

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Summer 1962
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The Zurich Association for study in Economic History was founded in 1950 by various trade associations, businessmen, and historians. At the time, Swiss postwar prosperity stimulated considerable discussion of the distribution of wealth and many responsible groups felt further government interference in this matter was probable but unwelcome. Founders of the Association hoped to “regain territory for the idea of private enterprise,” by giving an historical dimension to economic affairs.

La Banque Protestante en France de la Revocation de l'Edit de Nantes a la Revolution. By Herbert Lüthy. Vol. I. Dispersion et Regroupement (1685–1730). S.E.V.P.E.N.Paris, 1959. Pp. 454. Vol. II. De la Banque aux Finances (1730–1794) S.E.V.P.E.N. Paris, 1961. Pp. 861.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 36 / Issue 2 / Summer 1962

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 236-239

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Summer 1962
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Une Famille De Marchands, les Ruiz, Contribution a l'Etude du Commerce entre la France et l'Espagne au Temps de Philippe II. By Henri Lapeyre. Paris, Librairie Armand Colin, 1955. Pp. 672. NF 24. - Lettres Marchandes d'Anvers. By Valentin Vázquez de Prada. S.E.V.P.E.N.Paris, 1960. Vol. I, pp. 358. NF 34.50. Vol II, pp. 388. NF 45. Vol. III, pp. 234. NF 45. Vol. IV, pp. 404. NF 45.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 36 / Issue 2 / Summer 1962

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 239-243

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Summer 1962
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Das Wesen von Unternehmung und Unternehmer. By Klaus F. Veil. Baden-Baden/Frankfurt am Main, August Lutzeyer, 1956. Pp. 192. - Preistheorie. By Wilhelm Krelle. Zürich, A. G. Tübingen, 1961. Pp. xxiv + 732.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 36 / Issue 1 / Spring 1962

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 118-121

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Spring 1962
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Gênes et les Foires de Change (De Lyon à Besançon). By Domenico Gioffrè. Paris, S.E.V.P.E.N., 1960. Pp. 293.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 36 / Issue 1 / Spring 1962

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 121-123

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Spring 1962
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La Banque et le Credit en France de 1815 a 1848. By Bertrand Gille. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1959. Pp. 380.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 35 / Issue 1 / Spring 1961

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 147-149

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Spring 1961
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Three French Histories - Les Forges Francaises en 1772. By Bertrand Gille. S.E.V.P.E.N., Paris, 1960. Pp. 208.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 35 / Issue 1 / Spring 1961

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 146-147

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Spring 1961
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Cargaisons indiennes Solier et Cie, 1781–1793. By Louis Dermigny. S.E.V.P.E.N., Paris, 1959/1960. Volume I, Pp. 318; Volume II, Pp. 456.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 35 / Issue 1 / Spring 1961

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 149-151

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Spring 1961
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Der Reichsmerkantilismus. Studien zur Wirtschaftspolitik des Heiligen Römischen Reiches im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. By Ingemar Bog. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1959. Pp. xii, 194. DM 29.50.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

The Journal of Economic History / Volume 21 / Issue 1 / March 1961

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

03 February 2011, pp. 90-91

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March 1961
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Le Conseil General Des Manufactures. By Bertrand Gille. Paris, S.E.V.P.E.N., 1961. Pp. 201. NF 19.50.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 35 / Issue 4 / Winter 1961

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 602-603

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Winter 1961
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Gênes au XVè Siecle. Activite Economique et Problemes Sociaux. By Jacques Heers. Paris, S.E.V.P.E.N., 1961. Pp. 750. NF 50.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 35 / Issue 4 / Winter 1961

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 599-601

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Winter 1961
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Geschicte Des Geigy-Unternehmens Von 1758 Bis 1939. By Alfred Buergin. Basel, 1958. 2 vols.
Paul J. Meier
Journal:

Business History Review / Volume 33 / Issue 3 / Autumn 1959

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 July 2012, pp. 455-457

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Autumn 1959
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Mega-analysis of association between obesity and cortical morphology in bipolar disorders: ENIGMA study in 2832 participants

The Zurich Association for Economic History

La Banque Protestante en France de la Revocation de l'Edit de Nantes a la Revolution. By Herbert Lüthy. Vol. I. Dispersion et Regroupement (1685–1730). S.E.V.P.E.N.Paris, 1959. Pp. 454. Vol. II. De la Banque aux Finances (1730–1794) S.E.V.P.E.N. Paris, 1961. Pp. 861.

Das Wesen von Unternehmung und Unternehmer. By Klaus F. Veil. Baden-Baden/Frankfurt am Main, August Lutzeyer, 1956. Pp. 192. - Preistheorie. By Wilhelm Krelle. Zürich, A. G. Tübingen, 1961. Pp. xxiv + 732.

Gênes et les Foires de Change (De Lyon à Besançon). By Domenico Gioffrè. Paris, S.E.V.P.E.N., 1960. Pp. 293.

La Banque et le Credit en France de 1815 a 1848. By Bertrand Gille. Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, 1959. Pp. 380.

Three French Histories - Les Forges Francaises en 1772. By Bertrand Gille. S.E.V.P.E.N., Paris, 1960. Pp. 208.

Cargaisons indiennes Solier et Cie, 1781–1793. By Louis Dermigny. S.E.V.P.E.N., Paris, 1959/1960. Volume I, Pp. 318; Volume II, Pp. 456.

Der Reichsmerkantilismus. Studien zur Wirtschaftspolitik des Heiligen Römischen Reiches im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. By Ingemar Bog. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1959. Pp. xii, 194. DM 29.50.

Le Conseil General Des Manufactures. By Bertrand Gille. Paris, S.E.V.P.E.N., 1961. Pp. 201. NF 19.50.

Gênes au XVè Siecle. Activite Economique et Problemes Sociaux. By Jacques Heers. Paris, S.E.V.P.E.N., 1961. Pp. 750. NF 50.

Geschicte Des Geigy-Unternehmens Von 1758 Bis 1939. By Alfred Buergin. Basel, 1958. 2 vols.

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