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The ADE correspondences are ubiquitous in mathematics. We begin with the regular polyhedra (known to the ancient Greeks) and invite the reader on a journey of discovery.
For the benefit of students, we provide an introduction to areas of mathematics we need: vector spaces, polytopes, groups (discrete and continuous), conjugacy representations, etc.
We treat some more advanced topics: monstrous (and other) moonshine, Monster and E_8, Niemeier lattices, the triangle property, generalized line graphs, quiver representations, cluster algebras, von Neumann algebras, catastrophes, Calabi–Yau, elliptic fibrations.
We discuss some areas where the ADE classification arises: polytopes, tessellations, root systems, Coxeter groups, spectra of graphs, binary polyhedral groups, reflections, Clifford algebras, Lie groups and algebras.
The ADE diagrams, shown on the cover, constitute one of the most universal and mysterious patterns in all of mathematics. John McKay's remarkable insights unveiled a connection between the 'double covers' of the groups of regular polyhedra, known since ancient Greek times, and the exceptional Lie algebras, recognised since the late nineteenth century. The correspondence involves the ADE diagrams being interpreted in different ways: as quivers associated with the groups and as Dynkin diagrams of root systems of Lie algebras. The ADE diagrams arise in many areas of mathematics, including topics in algebraic geometry, string theory, spectral theory of graphs and cluster algebras. Accessible to students, this book explains these connections with exercises and examples throughout. An excellent introduction for students and researchers wishing to learn more about this unifying principle of mathematics, it also presents standard undergraduate material from a novel perspective.
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