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1 results

  • Surface relief accompanying natural convection in liquid pools heated from below

  • William V. Kayser, John C. Berg
  • Journal:
    Journal of Fluid Mechanics / Volume 57 / Issue 4 / 6 March 1973
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 March 2006, pp. 739-752

  • Free-surface deformations accompanying natural convection in shallow liquid pools heated from below by a straight wire are studied. Two-dimensional flow ensues as density gradients are set up in the bulk liquid and surface tension gradients are set up in the interface. Surface profiles are measured experimentally using a reflecting schlieren technique. Profiles concave above the rising warm current are produced in the shallower pools and convex profiles in the deeper pools. The profile for intermediate depths is a hybrid with a shallow crest rising from a shallow trough. A mathematical model of the system is developed and yields numerical results in qualitative agreement with experiment. The import- ance of various fluid properties and system parameters on the surface profile is examined using further calculations based on the model.