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Generation of polarization-tunable hybrid cylindrical vector
$\gamma$ rays from rotating electron beams
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- Journal:
- High Power Laser Science and Engineering / Volume 14 / 2026
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 March 2026, e14
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- Article
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Cylindrical vector (CV)
$\gamma$ rays can introduce spatially structured polarization as a new degree of freedom for fundamental research and practical applications. However, their generation and control remain largely unexplored. Here, we put forward a novel method to generate CV 
$\gamma$ rays with tunable hybrid polarization via a rotating electron beam interacting with a solid foil. In this process, the beam generates a coherent transition radiation field and subsequently emits 
$\gamma$ rays through nonlinear Compton scattering. By manipulating the initial azimuthal momentum of the beam, the polarization angle of 
$\gamma$ rays relative to the transverse momentum can be controlled, yielding tunable hybrid CV polarization states. Three-dimensional spin-resolved particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate continuous tuning of the polarization angle across 
$\left(-90{}^{\circ},\ 90{}^{\circ}\right)$ with a high polarization degree exceeding 60%. Our work contributes to the development of structured 
$\gamma$ rays, potentially opening up new avenues in high-energy physics, nuclear science and laboratory astrophysics.
