A well-known theorem of Nikiforov asserts that any graph with a positive
$K_{r}$-density contains a logarithmic blowup of
$K_r$. In this paper, we explore variants of Nikiforov’s result in the following form. Given
$r,t\in \mathbb{N}$, when a positive
$K_{r}$-density implies the existence of a significantly larger (with almost linear size) blowup of
$K_t$? Our results include:
• For an
$n$-vertex ordered graph
$G$ with no induced monotone path
$P_{6}$, if its complement
$\overline {G}$ has positive triangle density, then
$\overline {G}$ contains a biclique of size
$\Omega ({n \over {\log n}})$. This strengthens a recent result of Pach and Tomon. For general
$k$, let
$g(k)$ be the minimum
$r\in \mathbb{N}$ such that for any
$n$-vertex ordered graph
$G$ with no induced monotone
$P_{2k}$, if
$\overline {G}$ has positive
$K_r$-density, then
$\overline {G}$ contains a biclique of size
$\Omega ({n \over {\log n}})$. Using concentration of measure and the isodiametric inequality on high dimensional spheres, we provide constructions showing that, surprisingly,
$g(k)$ grows quadratically. On the other hand, we relate the problem of upper bounding
$g(k)$ to a certain Ramsey problem and determine
$g(k)$ up to a factor of 2.
• Any incomparability graph with positive
$K_{r}$-density contains a blowup of
$K_r$ of size
$\Omega ({n \over {\log n}}).$ This confirms a conjecture of Tomon in a stronger form. In doing so, we obtain a strong regularity type lemma for incomparability graphs with no large blowups of a clique, which is of independent interest. We also prove that any
$r$-comparability graph with positive
$K_{(2h-2)^{r}+1}$-density contains a blowup of
$K_h$ of size
$\Omega (n)$, where the constant
$(2h-2)^{r}+1$ is optimal.
The
${n \over {\log n}}$ size of the blowups in all our results are optimal up to a constant factor.