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Environmental economics in Classical Athens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2022

Emmanouil M. L. Economou ,
George E. Halkos  and
Nicholas C. Kyriazis
Emmanouil M. L. Economou*
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 28 October 78, PC: 38333, Volos, Greece
George E. Halkos
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 28 October 78, PC: 38333, Volos, Greece
Nicholas C. Kyriazis
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, 28 October 78, PC: 38333, Volos, Greece
*
*Corresponding author. Email: emmoikon@uth.gr
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Abstract

In this paper, we present a series of environmental policies that were implemented by the city-state of Athens during the Classical period (508–323 BCE) through a specific set of environmental institutions. They included: waste management, the implementation of a recycling process regarding animal manure as well as hygiene practices. Special administrative bodies were set up for this purpose with the power to impose heavy fines to offenders, and the actual job of environmental protection was contracted out to private operators. We argue that the success of the Athenian environmental institutions should primarily be attributed to the economic stimuli that the Athenian state provided to their staff so as to perform their duties efficiently, as well as to the imposition of fines and/or other penalties if they provided subpar services. We finally provide proposals as to how the Athenian environmental policies may be seen as an inspiration for our modern societies.

Keywords

Classical Athenseconomic institutionsenvironmental institutionsgame theoryhygiene practicesrecycling procedureswaste management policyH40I18K32N43N53Q58
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Institutional Economics , Volume 19 , Issue 1 , February 2023 , pp. 102 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Millennium Economics Ltd.

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References

References

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Halkos, G. (2011), ‘Environmental Pollution and Economic Development: Explaining the Existence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve’, Journal of Applied Economic Sciences, 6(2): 144–167.Google Scholar
Halkos, G., Kyriazis, N. C. and Economou, E. M. L. (2021), ‘Plato as a Game Theorist towards an International Trade Policy,’ Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14: 115. doi:10.3390/jrfm14030115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halkos, G. and Managi, S. (2016), ‘Measuring the Effect of Economic Growth on Countries’ Environmental Efficiency: A Conditional Directional Distance Function Approach’, Environmental & Resource Economics, 68(3): 753–775.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, M. H. (1991), The Athenian Democracy in the Age of Demosthenes, London: Bristol Classical Press.Google Scholar
Hodge, G. A. and Greve, C. (2007), ‘Public–Private Partnerships: An International Performance Review’, Public Administration Review, 67(3): 545–558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Hodgson, G. M. (2015c), ‘Much of the “Economics of Property Rights”, Devalues Property and Legal Rights’, Journal of Institutional Economics, 11(4): 683–709.Google Scholar
Hodgson, G. M. (2015d), ‘What Humpty Dumpty Might Have Said About Property Rights–and the Need to Put Them Back Together Again: A Response to Critics’, Journal of Institutional Economics, 11(4): 731–747.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Keplinger, K. O. and Hauck, L. M. (2006), ‘The Economics of Manure Utilization: Model and Application’, Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 31(2): 414–440.Google Scholar
Koutsoyiannis, D. and Mamassis, N. (2017), ‘The Water Supply of Athens Through the Centuries’, in Wellbrock, K. (ed.), Cura Aquarium in Greece, Siegburg: Papierfliegerverlag GmbH, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, pp. 31–43.Google Scholar
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