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5. These issues are examined at more length in Cerny, P. G., The Changing Architecture of Politics: Structure, Agency, and the Future of the State (London: Sage Publications, 1990), especially chap. 4Google Scholar.

6. For an extensive discussion of the concept of structure (and of structural differentiation), see Cerny, The Changing Architecture of Politics.

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13. See Williamson, Markets and Hierarchies; and Williamson, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism.

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23. This complex process—combining structural differentiation and interdependence (i.e., the increasing integration of more and more complex structures)—is essentially the same as Durkheim's conception of how “organic solidarity” develops out of a more complex division of labor (replacing “mechanical solidarity”). See Durkheim, Emile, The Division of Labor in Society, trans. Simpson, G. (New York: Free Press, 1933Google Scholar; original French edition, 1893). For different interpretations of how Durkheim should be applied to international relations, see Waltz, Kenneth, Theory of International Politics (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1979)Google Scholar; Ruggie, John Gerard, “Continuity and Transformation in the World Polity: Toward a Neorealist Synthesis,” World Politics 35 (01 1983), pp. 261–85CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Waltz, Kenneth, “Reflections on Theory of International Politics: A Reply to My Critics,” in Keohane, Robert O., ed., Neorealism and Its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986), pp. 322–5Google Scholar; and Cerny, “Plurilateralism.”

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30. This general loss of control was perhaps even more significant than the loss of leadership addressed by Kindleberger (which was a key symptom of the broader phenomenon, nonetheless). See Kindleberger, Charles P., The World in Depression, 1929–1939 (London: Allen Lane the Penguin Press, 1973)Google Scholar.

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38. See V. I. Lenin, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (1917; reprint, Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1978); and V. I. Lenin, State and Revolution (1918; reprint, New York: International Publishers, 1932).

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67. This is Almond and Verba's more familiar version of what they also call “system affect.” See Almond, Gabriel A. and Verba, Sidney, The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1963)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

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