Hostname: page-component-76d6cb85b7-dqfph Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2026-07-12T06:02:53.762Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Materials for high speed sintering

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 July 2014

Adam Ellis ,
Christopher J. Noble ,
Liam Hartley ,
Charis Lestrange ,
Neil Hopkinson  and
Candice Majewski
Adam Ellis*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
Christopher J. Noble
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
Liam Hartley
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
Charis Lestrange
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
Neil Hopkinson
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
Candice Majewski
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: adam.ellis@sheffield.ac.uk
Get access

Abstract

High Speed Sintering (HSS) is a novel additive manufacturing technology which currently uses Nylon 12 as the standard feedstock material. To expand the number of processable materials, the preferred characteristics of polymeric powder as a feedstock powder are presented, appropriate materials identified, parts made, and mechanical properties measured. Two commercially available laser sintering (LS) grade powders previously untested for HSS were selected, DuraForm® HST10 and ALM TPE 210-S. Tensile test specimens were manufactured using each material and mechanical properties analyzed and compared to the manufacturers' specification for LS. Tensile test specimens built using DuraForm® PA show higher tensile strength and elongation at break than LS whereas DuraForm® HST10 shows somewhat reduced tensile strength but slightly increased elongation at break. ALM TPE 210-S shows elongation at break of more than double that of LS demonstrating the capability of HSS to process viscous materials. The results indicate that HSS is capable of processing LS grade polymeric powders and may extend beyond.

Keywords

High Speed SinteringMaterialsAdditive Manufacturing

Information

Type
Invited Papers
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 29 , Issue 17: Focus Issue: The Materials Science of Additive Manufacturing , 14 September 2014 , pp. 2080 - 2085
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

Hopkinson, N. and Erasenthiran, P.: High speed sintering – Early research into a new rapid manufacturing process. In Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (University of Texas, Austin, 2004); pp. 312–320.Google Scholar
Thomas, H.R., Hopkinson, N., and Erasenthiran, P.: High speed sintering – Continuing research into a new rapid manufacturing process. In Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (University of Texas, Austin, 2006); pp. 682–691.Google Scholar
Hopkinson, N., Hague, R., and Dickens, P.: Rapid Manufacturing: An Industrial Revolution for the Digital Age (John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, UK, 2006).Google Scholar
Gogolewski, S., Czerntawska, K., and Gastorek, M.: Effect of annealing on thermal properties and crystalline structure of polyamides. Nylon 12 (polylaurolactam). Colloid Polym. Sci. 258(10), 1130–1136 (1980).Google Scholar
Kong, Y. and Hay, J.N.: The enthalpy of fusion and degree of crystallinity of polymers as measured by DSC. Eur. Polym. J. 39(8), 1721–1727 (2003).Google Scholar
Vasquez, M., Haworth, B., and Hopkinson, N.: Optimum sintering region for laser sintered nylon-12. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part B 225(12), 2240–2248 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Majewski, C.E., Oduye, D., Thomas, H.R., and Hopkinson, N.: Effect of infra-red power level on the sintering behaviour in the high speed sintering process. Rapid Prototyping J. 14(3), 155–160 (2008).Google Scholar
Tiwari, S.K. and Pande, S.: Material properties and selection for selective laser sintering process. Int. J. Manuf. Tech. Manag. 27(4), 198–217 (2013).Google Scholar
Shi, Y., Li, Z., Sun, H., Huang, S., and Zeng, F.: Effect of the properties of the polymer materials on the quality of selective laser sintering parts. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part L 218(3), 247–252 (2004).Google Scholar
Harper, C.A.: Handbook of Plastics, Elastomers, and Composites (McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 2002).Google Scholar
Wohlers, T.: Wohlers Report 2007: State of the Industry: Annual Worldwide Progress Report (Wohlers Associates, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, 2007).Google Scholar
Majewski, C.E., Hobbs, B.S., and Hopkinson, N.: Effect of bed temperature and infra-red lamp power on the mechanical properties of parts produced using high-speed sintering. Virtual Phys. Prototyp. 2(2), 103–110 (2007).Google Scholar
Gibson, I. and Shi, D.: Material properties and fabrication parameters in selective laser sintering process. Rapid Prototyping J. 3(4), 129–136 (1997).Google Scholar
Caulfield, B., McHugh, P., and Lohfeld, S.: Dependence of mechanical properties of polyamide components on build parameters in the SLS process. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 182(1), 477–488 (2007).Google Scholar
Zarringhalam, H., Hopkinson, N., Kamperman, N.F., and De Vlieger, J.J.: Effects of processing on microstructure and properties of SLS Nylon 12. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 435, 172–180 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ASTM D638: Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics.Google Scholar
Majewski, C., Zarringhalam, H., and Hopkinson, N.: Effect of the degree of particle melt on mechanical properties in selective laser-sintered Nylon-12 parts. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part B 222(9), 1055–1064 (2008).Google Scholar
Majewski, C., Zarringhalam, H., and Hopkinson, N.: Effects of degree of particle melt and crystallinity in SLS Nylon-12 parts. In 19th Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium (University of Texas, Austin, 2008).Google Scholar
Moeskops, E., Kamperman, N., and van de Vorst, B.: Creep behaviour of polyamide in selective laser sintering. In Proceedings of the 15th Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, ASTM D638-10, Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (University of Texas, Austin, 2004).Google Scholar
Haworth, B., Hopkinson, N., Hitt, D., and Zhong, X.: Shear viscosity measurements on Polyamide-12 polymers for laser sintering. Rapid Prototyping J. 19(1), 28–36 (2013).Google Scholar
Frenkel, J.: Viscous flow of crystalline bodies under the action of surface tension. J. Phys. 9, 385 (1945).Google Scholar
Vasquez, G.M.: Analysis and Development of New Materials for Polymer Laser Sintering (Loughborough University, UK, 2012).Google Scholar