Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Contributors
- PART I INTRODUCTION AND PERSPECTIVE
- PART II OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF EXPERTISE – BRIEF HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF THEORIES AND METHODS
- PART III METHODS FOR STUDYING THE STRUCTURE OF EXPERTISE
- PART IV METHODS FOR STUDYING THE ACQUISITION AND MAINTENANCE OF EXPERTISE
- PART V DOMAINS OF EXPERTISE
- PART VI GENERALIZABLE MECHANISMS MEDIATING EXPERTISE AND GENERAL ISSUES
- 34 A Merging Theory of Expertise and Intelligence
- 35 Tacit Knowledge, Practical Intelligence, and Expertise
- 36 Expertise and Situation Awareness
- 37 Brain Changes in the Development of Expertise: Neuroanatomical and Neurophysiological Evidence about Skill-Based Adaptations
- 38 The Influence of Experience and Deliberate Practice on the Development of Superior Expert Performance
- 39 Development and Adaptation of Expertise: The Role of Self-Regulatory Processes and Beliefs
- 40 Aging and Expertise
- 41 Social and Sociological Factors in the Development of Expertise
- 42 Modes of Expertise in Creative Thinking: Evidence from Case Studies
- Author Index
- Subject Index
- References
This chapter is part of a book that is no longer available to purchase from Cambridge Core
36 - Expertise and Situation Awareness
from PART VI - GENERALIZABLE MECHANISMS MEDIATING EXPERTISE AND GENERAL ISSUES
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Contributors
- PART I INTRODUCTION AND PERSPECTIVE
- PART II OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF EXPERTISE – BRIEF HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF THEORIES AND METHODS
- PART III METHODS FOR STUDYING THE STRUCTURE OF EXPERTISE
- PART IV METHODS FOR STUDYING THE ACQUISITION AND MAINTENANCE OF EXPERTISE
- PART V DOMAINS OF EXPERTISE
- PART VI GENERALIZABLE MECHANISMS MEDIATING EXPERTISE AND GENERAL ISSUES
- 34 A Merging Theory of Expertise and Intelligence
- 35 Tacit Knowledge, Practical Intelligence, and Expertise
- 36 Expertise and Situation Awareness
- 37 Brain Changes in the Development of Expertise: Neuroanatomical and Neurophysiological Evidence about Skill-Based Adaptations
- 38 The Influence of Experience and Deliberate Practice on the Development of Superior Expert Performance
- 39 Development and Adaptation of Expertise: The Role of Self-Regulatory Processes and Beliefs
- 40 Aging and Expertise
- 41 Social and Sociological Factors in the Development of Expertise
- 42 Modes of Expertise in Creative Thinking: Evidence from Case Studies
- Author Index
- Subject Index
- References
Summary
In thinking about expertise, we often focus on skilled physical performance (e.g., the world-class tennis player or gymnast) or skilled decision making (e.g., the chess grandmaster). In addition to these aspects of performance, however, situation awareness (SA), an up-to-date understanding of the world around them, forms a critical cornerstone for expertise in most domains, from driving to aviation to military operations to medical practice. The characteristics that allow people to develop high levels of SA often develop silently alongside more observable features like skilled physical performance, even in tasks such as sports that are considered primarily physical in nature.
Take for example the following excerpt from a magazine story about Wayne Gretzky, an all-time leading hockey scorer who set or tied 49 different National Hockey League records, including most goals, most points, and most assists.
Gretzky doesn't look like a hockey player. … His shot is only average – or, nowadays, below average … Gretzky's gift, his genius even, is for seeing … To most fans, and sometimes even to the players on the ice, hockey frequently looks like chaos: sticks flailing, bodies falling, the puck ricocheting just out of reach. But amid the mayhem, Gretzky can discern the game's underlying pattern and flow, and anticipate what's going to happen faster and in more detail than anyone else in the building. Several times during a game you'll see him making what seem to be aimless circles on the other side of the rink from the traffic, and then, as if answering a signal, he'll dart ahead to a spot where, an instant later, the puck turns up. […]
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- The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance , pp. 633 - 652Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2006
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