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12 - Egg-sharing, motivation and consent

Ethical, legal and policy issues

from Part III - Donors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2016

Susan Golombok
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Rosamund Scott
Affiliation:
King's College London
John B. Appleby
Affiliation:
King's College London
Martin Richards
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Stephen Wilkinson
Affiliation:
Lancaster University
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

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References

References

Ahuja, K.K., Simons, E.G., Fiamanya, W., Dalton, M. et al. (1996). ‘Egg-sharing in assisted conception: ethical and practical considerations’. Human Reproduction, 11, 1126–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ahuja, K.K., Mostyn, B.J. and Simons, E.G. (1997). ‘Egg sharing and egg donation: attitudes of British egg donors and recipients’. Human Reproduction, 12, 2845–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ahuja, K.K., Simons, E.G., Rimington, M.R., Nair, S. et al. (2000). ‘One hundred and three concurrent IVF successes for donors and recipients who shared eggs: ethical and practical benefits of egg sharing to society’. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 1, 101–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blyth, E. (2002). ‘Subsidized IVF: the development of “egg sharing” in the United Kingdom’. Human Reproduction, 17, 3254–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blyth, E. and Golding, B. (2008). ‘Egg sharing: a practical and ethical option in IVF?’, Expert Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3, 465–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gurtin, Z.B., Ahuja, K.K. and Golombok, S. (2012a). ‘Egg-share donors’ and recipients’ knowledge, motivation and concerns: clinical and policy implications’. Clinical Ethics, 7, 183–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gurtin, Z.B., Ahuja, K.K. and Golombok, S. (2012b). ‘Egg-sharing, consent and exploitation: examining donors’ and recipients’ circumstances and retrospective reflections’. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 24, 698708.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gurtin, Z.B., Ahuja, K.K. and Golombok, S. (2012c). ‘Emotional and relational aspects of egg-sharing: egg-share donors’ and recipients’ feelings about each other, each others’ treatment outcome and any resulting children’. Human Reproduction, 27, 1690–701.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haimes, E., Taylor, K. and Turkmendag, I. (2012). ‘Eggs, ethics and exploitation? Investigating women's experiences of an egg sharing scheme’. Sociology of Health and Illness, 34, 1199–214.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (1998). Consultation on the Implementation of Withdrawal of Payments to Donors. London: HFEA.Google Scholar
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (2005). SEED Report: A Report on the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority's Review of Sperm, Egg, and Embryo Donation in the United Kingdom. London: HFEA.Google Scholar
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (2011a). Donating Sperm and Eggs: A Review of the HFEA's Sperm and Egg Donation Policies 2011. London: HFEA.Google Scholar
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (2011b). Donation Review: Compensation of Donors and Benefits in Kind. London: HFEA.Google Scholar
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (2012). ‘Egg share donors and non-patient egg donors’. Available at www.hfea.gov.uk/3412.html.Google Scholar
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (2014). Egg and Sperm Donation in the UK: 2012–13. Available at www.hfea.gov.uk/9386.html.Google Scholar
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) (2015 [2009]). Code of Practice, 8th edn. London: HFEA.Google Scholar
Johnson, M.H. (1999). ‘The medical ethics of paid egg sharing in the UK’. Human Reproduction, 14, 1912–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McMillan, J. and Hope, T. (2003). ‘Gametes, money, and egg sharing’. The Lancet, 362, 584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nuffield Council on Bioethics (2011). Human Bodies: Donation for Medicine and Research. London: Nuffield Council on Bioethics.Google Scholar
Pennings, G. and Devroey, P. (2006). ‘Subsidized in-vitro fertilization treatment and the effect on the number of egg sharers’. Reproductive BioMedicine, 13, 810.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prainsack, B. and Buyx, A. (2011). Solidarity: Reflections on an Emerging Concept in Bioethics. London: Nuffield Council on Bioethics.Google Scholar
President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research (1982). Making Healthcare Decisions: The Ethical and Legal Implications of Informed Consent in the Patient-Practitioner Relationship, Vol. 1. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Rapport, F. (2003). ‘Exploring the beliefs and experiences of potential egg share donors’. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 43, 2842.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raz, J. (1986). The Morality of Freedom. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Scott, R., Williams, C., Ehrich, K. and Farsides, B. (2012). ‘Donation of “spare” fresh or frozen embryos to research: who decides that an embryo is “spare” and how can we enhance the quality and protect the validity of consent?’. Medical Law Review, 20(2), 255303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Cases

  • Chatterton v. Gerson [1981] 1 All E.R. 257.

  • Re M.B. [1997] 8 Med. L.R. 217.

  • Re T (Adult: Refusal of Treatment) [1992] 4 All E.R. 649.

  • U v. Centre for Reproductive Medicine [2002] E.W.C.A. Civ. 565.

Chatterton v. Gerson [1981] 1 All E.R. 257.

Re M.B. [1997] 8 Med. L.R. 217.

Re T (Adult: Refusal of Treatment) [1992] 4 All E.R. 649.

U v. Centre for Reproductive Medicine [2002] E.W.C.A. Civ. 565.

UK

  • Chatterton v. Gerson [1981] 1 All E.R. 257.

  • Re M.B. [1997] 8 Med. L.R. 217.

  • Re T (Adult: Refusal of Treatment) [1992] 4 All E.R. 649.

  • U v. Centre for Reproductive Medicine [2002] E.W.C.A. Civ. 565.

Chatterton v. Gerson [1981] 1 All E.R. 257.

Re M.B. [1997] 8 Med. L.R. 217.

Re T (Adult: Refusal of Treatment) [1992] 4 All E.R. 649.

U v. Centre for Reproductive Medicine [2002] E.W.C.A. Civ. 565.

EU legislation

Directive 2004/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells.

UK legislation

Human Fertilisation and Embryology (HFE) Act 1990, as amended by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology (HFE) Act 2008.Google Scholar
Mental Capacity Act 2005.Google Scholar

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