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James I’s oldest son, Henry Frederick, died in 1612, at the age of eighteen. Dozens of poets, including several prominent ones, published elegies to the prince in the months after his death. This essay considers these printed laments as representative of a pessimistic turn in seventeenth-century printed poetry. Arguing that this streak of skepticism about the effectiveness of poetic publication is more than just an immediate reaction to a national catastrophe, the essay compares the elegies to a dedication to the prince from during his lifetime and examines their role in the development of the printed verse miscellany.
This article examines the cosmology of John Milton’s “Paradise Lost” in the context of the shift from a bright to a dark universe in the European cosmological imagination. While other comparable transformations—from geocentrism to heliocentrism, or a bounded to an unbounded universe—have been extensively studied, the turn from bright to dark space remains almost entirely neglected. Drawing on textual and visual evidence from antiquity to the present day, this article provides the first sustained exploration of the subject as well as a novel reading of Milton’s cosmology and the challenges it presents to the contemporary reader.