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3714 results in Classical languages

Page 55 of 186

  • Part One - Plautus' comedies

  • Peter Jones, Keith Sidwell, University of Calgary
  • Book:
    Reading Latin
    Published online:
    28 May 2018
    Print publication:
    18 October 2016, pp 5-5

  • Summary

    Titus Macc(i)us Plautus probably lived from c. 250 to c. 180. He is said to have written about 130 comedies of which nineteen survive. Like almost all Roman writers, he drew the inspiration for his work from earlier Greek models, which he freely translated and adapted to fit the Roman audience for which he was writing. For example, it is almost certain that he based Aululāria, the first play you will read, on a play by the Athenian Menander (c. 340 to c. 290). Plautus wrote comedies for production at Roman festivals (fēriae, lūdī), times devoted to worship of the gods and abstention from work. The originals were written in verse.

    Actors in the Greek originals wore masks which covered the whole head (see p. 6). Though it is not absolutely certain that Plautus followed this convention, we have illustrated the Plautine characters in the Introduction with Greek mask-types from around the time of Menander.

  • Part Four - Additional reading for Sections 1B to 5G

  • Peter Jones, Keith Sidwell, University of Calgary
  • Book:
    Reading Latin
    Published online:
    28 May 2018
    Print publication:
    18 October 2016, pp 283-328

  • Summary

    Beginning at section 1B, we provide a series of additional passages of real Latin (and one adapted medieval Latin passage) with running vocabulary and notes, adapted to the level reached in the sections to which they are appended. The glossaries for these passages contain both vocabulary and hints on how to read each sentence as it comes. The instruction ‘hold’ suggests that the meaning of the word cannot be finally decided at that point in the sentence; you are asked to keep information about the word in mind until it is ‘solved’ by later developments. Note that there is no extra reading for sections 3A or 4H.

    Additional readings relating to Section 1 1B

    1. The Vulgate

    This passage is taken from the Vulgate, Jerome's fourth–fifth-century AD translation of the Bible into Latin. It is called ‘Vulgate’ from its title ēditiō uulgāta ‘popular edition’. Cf. ‘vulgar’ in English.

    et (Deus) ait (said) ‘ego sum Deus patris tuī, Deus (of) Abraham, Deus (of) Isaac, et Deus (of) Jacob.’ (Exodus 3.6)

    ‘ego sum quī (who) sum’. (Exodus 3.14)

    2. Conversational Latin

    Contrary to popular belief, Latin always has been a spoken as well as a written language. Most of our texts from ancient times, of course, reflect the literary, written, form. But in Plautus, Terence and the letters of Cicero we do hear the voice of Romans. Here are some common conversational gambits:

    saluē or saluus sīs or auē (or hauē) ‘Hello!’ (lit. ‘Greetings’, ‘May you be safe’, ‘Hail!’)

    ualē ‘Goodbye!’ (lit. ‘Be strong’)

    sīs or sī placet or nisi molestum est or grātum erit sī … or amābō tē ‘Please’ (lit. ‘If you will’, ‘If it pleases’, ‘If it's no trouble’, ‘It would be nice if …’, ‘I will like you (if you …)’)

    grātiās tibi agō ‘Thank you’ (lit. ‘I give thanks to you’)

    ut ualēs? or quid agis? or quid fit? ‘How are you?’ (lit. ‘Are you strong?’, ‘What are you doing?’, ‘What is happening?’)

Page 55 of 186