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101422 results in Language and Linguistics

Page 564 of 5072

  • A Positron Emission Tomographic Study of Regular and Irregular Verb Morphology in English

  • Jeri J. Jaeger, Alan H. Lockwood, David L. Kemmerer, Robert D. Van Valin, Jr., Brian W. Murphy, Hanif G. Khalak
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 72 / Issue 3 / September 1996
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. 451-497

  • Theories about the representation and processing of regular and irregular past tense forms of verbs in English have disagreed as to whether they should be treated as a unified phenomenon (e.g. both rule-governed, or both generated by a connectionist net), or as two distinct types of linguistic entities (e.g. regulars formed by rules of the grammar, irregulars stored in lexical memory). In this article we present data from a positron emission tomographic study in which subjects were asked to produce the past tense forms of regular, irregular, and nonce stems. We find very different amounts and areas of cortical activation in the regular and irregular tasks, as well as significantly different reaction times in producing the past tenses. We interpret our findings as supporting the grammar/lexicon theories, and discuss the implications of our results for general linguistic theory.

  • Definiteness and the English Existential

  • Gregory Ward, Betty Birner
  • Journal:
    Language / Volume 71 / Issue 4 / December 1995
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 February 2026, pp. 722-742

  • Numerous attempts have been made to place restrictions on the occurrence of formally definite NPs in English existential there-sentences. The wide range of definite NPs found in this construction, however, precludes any (noncircular) characterization of such a definiteness effect based on linguistic form alone. Nonetheless, previous functional analyses of definites in there-sentences have also failed to account for all of the problematic data in a unified way. We present an account of existential there-sentences in which the postverbal NP is required to represent a hearer-new entity; based on a large corpus of naturally occurring data, we identify five types of formally definite yet hearer-new NPs that may felicitously occur in there-sentences. The alleged restriction against definite NPs in there-sentences is shown to be the result of a mismatch between the cognitive status to which definiteness is sensitive and that to which the postverbal position in there-sentences is sensitive.

Page 564 of 5072