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46839 results in Management

Page 555 of 2342

  • Building Industrial Districts: Do Subsidies Help? Evidence from Postwar Italy

  • Anna Spadavecchia
  • Journal:
    Business History Review / Volume 94 / Issue 2 / Summer 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    20 April 2020, pp. 399-423
    Print publication:
    Summer 2020

  • The “historical alternatives” approach calls for research into the role of national institutions and public policies in the resilience or decline of industrial districts. Policies in support of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were launched in various Western economies in the second half of the twentieth century. This article focuses on the paradigmatic Italian case and investigates the importance of government subsidies for SMEs on firms located in a southern and a northeastern district, between 1971 and 1991. This discussion deepens our understanding of the role of national policies in the reemergence of industrial districts in the decades of the Second Industrial Divide. It also indicates the importance of firms’ utilization of subsidies and their ecosystem as complementary to the policy's effectiveness.

  • The Dark Side of Cultural Intelligence: Exploring Its Impact on Opportunism, Ethical Relativism, and Customer Relationship Performance

  • Melanie P. Lorenz, Jase R. Ramsey, James “Mick” Andzulis, George R. Franke
  • Journal:
    Business Ethics Quarterly / Volume 30 / Issue 4 / October 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    20 April 2020, pp. 552-590
    Print publication:
    October 2020

  • Employees who possess cross-cultural capabilities are increasingly sought after due to unparalleled numbers of cross-cultural interactions. Previous research has primarily focused on the bright side of these capabilities, including important individual and work outcomes. In contrast, the purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the cross-cultural capability of cultural intelligence (CQ) can lead to both positive and negative outcomes. Applying the general theory of confluence, we propose that expatriates high in CQ excel in customer relationship performance, while simultaneously behaving opportunistically. We also suggest that ethical relativism moderates these relationships. Using mixed methods, four separate studies generally support our predictions while also deepening our understanding of various forms of opportunism and the mechanism behind two seemingly opposing effects. Conceptual and managerial implications of CQ for opportunism, customer relationship performance, and ethics are discussed.

Give Yourself a Nudge
  • Helping Smart People Make Smarter Personal and Business Decisions
  • Ralph L. Keeney
  • Published online:
    17 April 2020
    Print publication:
    23 April 2020
  • The best way to improve your quality of life is through the decisions you make. This book teaches several fundamental decision-making skills, provides numerous applications and examples, and ultimately nudges you toward smarter decisions. These nudges frame more desirable decisions for you to face by identifying the objectives for your decisions and generating superior alternatives to those initially considered. All of the nudges are based on psychology and behavioral economics research and are accessible to all readers. The new concept of a decision opportunity is introduced, which involves creating a decision that you desire to face. Solving a decision opportunity improves your life, whereas resolving a decision problem only restores the quality of your life to that before the decision problem occurred. We all can improve our decision-making and reap the better quality of life that results. This book shows you how.

  • Financial Flexibility: At What Cost?

  • Mark J. Garmaise, Gabriel Natividad
  • Journal:
    Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis / Volume 56 / Issue 1 / February 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    17 April 2020, pp. 249-282
    Print publication:
    February 2021

  • Firms strategically borrow in different locations. Approximately one-quarter of Peruvian companies with operations in multiple areas source their financing from more than one province. Mining windfalls generate finance supply shocks, leading to the provision of more credit at lower average rates, and we show that firms exploit geographic financial flexibility by concentrating their borrowing in booming locations. Firms are less likely to initiate borrowing in new markets when their current borrowing provinces are thriving. The pursuit of flexibility in borrowing markets, however, degrades a firm’s relationships with its existing lenders, thereby heightening its risk of future financial distress.

  • 7 - The Shipping Industry in the Future: A Call for a New Model?

  • Peter Lorange
  • Book:
    Innovations in Shipping
    Published online:
    19 March 2020
    Print publication:
    16 April 2020, pp 181-198

  • Summary

    In this final chapter, three major themes are emphasized: to develop an overall fleet perspective when it comes to a shipping company; strategy (with support from modern technology); to push toward more “asset-light” strategies, keeping in mind that traditional shipowning is normally rather asset-heavy; to strive for relevant innovations also in the future, by being even closer to key customers, and by proactively taking advantage of technological developments, climatic changes, and technology-driven managerial economic opportunities.

  • 6 - Case Studies

  • Peter Lorange
  • Book:
    Innovations in Shipping
    Published online:
    19 March 2020
    Print publication:
    16 April 2020, pp 117-180

  • Summary

    A total of 10 case studies are given, to illustrate how innovations might take place in real-life shipping company settings. We see here the critical importance of an open-minded corporate culture, as well as the key role of the person at the top of the organization.

  • 4 - The Role of Innovations in Shipping

  • Peter Lorange
  • Book:
    Innovations in Shipping
    Published online:
    19 March 2020
    Print publication:
    16 April 2020, pp 61-104

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses how innovations are reshaping the two major fundamental strategic options that a shipowner typically might have: asset-play, i.e., a typically short-term focus on “in-out/long-short”, vs. industrial shipping, i.e. more tailored ships employed on longer-term charters, and typically with relatively high financial gearing. Key innovations are reshaping the essence of each of these strategic options, above all, regarding what might now be a commercially modern ship. Customer closeness is increasingly seen as key to all of this.

  • 5 - Important Shipowners

  • Peter Lorange
  • Book:
    Innovations in Shipping
    Published online:
    19 March 2020
    Print publication:
    16 April 2020, pp 105-116

  • Summary

    Innovations are definitely to a large degree happening as a result of impacts from the top management of various shipping organizations. Several shipowners have come to be known for their commitments to innovation – implicit as well as explicit. The materials reported in this chapter are archival.

  • 3 - Commodity and Specialized Shipping

  • Peter Lorange
  • Book:
    Innovations in Shipping
    Published online:
    19 March 2020
    Print publication:
    16 April 2020, pp 33-60

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses the fundamental role of shipping research when it comes to “redefining” freight rates, as well as key decision-making processes. Cognitive limits are becoming increasingly important, and these “shape” innovations, including when it comes to buying or selling ships.

  • 1 - Introduction

  • Peter Lorange
  • Book:
    Innovations in Shipping
    Published online:
    19 March 2020
    Print publication:
    16 April 2020, pp 1-8

  • Summary

    This introductory chapter discusses major changes in the shipping industry, traditionally rather conservative and static, but now increasingly characterized by fundamental innovations and dynamism. Several of the drivers for these key innovations are discussed, such as technological advances, changes in legal requirements, effects from climate change, as well as economic pressures to become even more efficient.

Page 555 of 2342